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Auterion Mission Control (AMC) is a ground control station application for pilots. It can be used to fly aircraft, to plan missions, fly missions, and to configure the aircraft. It can run on Herelink and PC.
Auterion's complete documentation is here: https://docs.auterion.com/vehicle-operation/
How to get set up for a successful and safe first flight!
Open up the Astro case and you will see the Astro, a quick start guide, and the controller.
Remove the controller from the case, peel off the sticker from the controller screen, and press the power button. Once powered on, select the AMC app to open the mission application.
Pull the Astro out of the case- the landing gear is already extended!
If you bought an Astro Map, the Mapping Payload will be connected to the Dovetail on the bottom of Astro.
Remove the card insert from the top of your Astro- you likely scanned the QR code or followed the URL to get to this page.
Insert 1 SL8 battery into the Astro until you hear two clicks- this means that the battery is electrically connected to the Astro.
Press the button on the battery twice and the Astro will turn on.
Note: Power Astro with only 1 battery if you need the drone powered but are not flying. The Astro has a safety mechanism where it will prevent arming with only 1 battery, making it much safer to have powered on while the propellers are installed.
The payload is not hot swappable. Ensure that the Astro is powered off when connecting or removing payloads
Connecting the Astro to the internet allows you to connect to the Auterion Suite. The Auterion Suite enables functionality such as automatic log upload (including real time uploads), vehicle and asset management, video streaming over the internet, and more. More information about Auterion Suite can be found here
Some Astros ship with a trial T-Mobile LTE SIM card enabled that will allow the Astro to connect to the Internet right out of the box!
Blue configuration does not come with WiFi enabled by default
To connect your Astro to the WiFi:
Open AMC on your Pilot Pro, Herelink Controller, or PC. If using a PC, connect to Astro with a USB-C cable.
Power on your Astro (only one battery is needed, and it will not arm as a safety mechanism. It will show 'Check battery' in the vehicle status when only one battery is installed)
Tap the icon in the top-left of AMC. Navigate to Vehicle Overview > Connectivity
Enable WiFi (do not enable hotspot mode), provide your network name and password, and click "Connect"
To get the best Freefly customer support, the Freefly Astro comes with the Auterion Enterprise Suite, an online fleet management tool that unlocks the superpowers of Astro.
The Suite is where the data of your fleet is collected, analyzed, and presented. You get insights on vehicles, assets, and operations to keep control over your robotics program.
Using the Suite is the quickest and easiest way to get the best Freefly support for your aircraft- you can easily share aircraft logs directly with Freefly customer support in case of issues with just two clicks.
To get started, ensure Astro is powered on.
Connect a USB cable from your computer to the USB-C port on the I/O panel located on the underside of the Freefly Astro.
Using a web browser, go to the following address to connect to the Astro: 10.41.1.1
Refresh the web page if the Astro dashboard does not appear. (Note that NDAA/Blue variants of Astro need the admin to enable features)
If you don't already have an Astro fleet registered in your Auterion Suite, you will need to make a Suite Account before registering the aircraft. Just follow the online prompts from the Suite to make your account.
Once you make your account, then you can claim the aircraft and it will show up in your Suite account.
Go to the settings of the Astro's webpage and ensure Cloud Services and Flight Log Upload are enabled.
Once complete with the signup process, you should see the Astro unit listed under the "Vehicles" Section on the main dashboard of the Auterion Suite.
The USB C physical connection to the Astro for the initial registration is required for security reasons as the Suite enables location data, live streaming, etc. You can sign up for the Suite and register an Astro in the Suite with just the Serial Number, but you will not be able to enable any data sharing without making a physical connection to the drone.
You should have received an Astro in a case and a separate shipment of Astro batteries (We have to ship separately due to Dangerous Goods shipping requirements.) The chargers are going to be located in the Astro travel case under the battery foam insert.
Connect the Astro batteries to the charger and charge until complete.
Plug in the Pilot Pro (or Herelink controller) and charge until complete.
Check that the Astro firmware and controller firmware are up to date.
While your batteries and controller charge, read the Flight section of this wiki, and learn how to control Astro.
If you are getting started with the NDAA/Blue version of the Astro, make sure to read Doodle radio notes
Watch the First Flight Guide instructional video below. For more training videos, please visit our Freefly Astro Training Playlist
Go Flying! To ensure that the Pilot is using best practices, there is a quick checklist card included in the Astro case.
To learn more about mapping workflows, please visit our Mapping Workflow page to learn how to produce high-quality maps using the Astro
Once you have performed your first flights, you can review your flights in the Auterion Suite. If there are any issues, you can easily share the flight logs with our support team straight from the Suite.
Now that you have completed your first flight, dive in, learn the details, and put Astro to work!
Pilot skill with Manual Mode is required for Emergency Procedures.
Make sure you understand Astro's Emergency Procedures and understand how to operate the drone in Manual Mode before taking flight.
Below is our recommended Astro flight checklist, which covers the main considerations you need to be aware of before, during, and after operation.
We also offer this checklist as a Google Sheet template to allow for a more customized experience. For example, you might want to add specific items to better reflect your company's safety procedures, workflow, payload, or region.
If you have a Tab 3 (red button on the tablet) press and hold the small black button on the edge of the tablet to turn it on
If you have a Tab 5 (green button on the tablet) press the power button on the Pilot Pro twice
Pilot Pro will automatically open the Pilot Pro App. Once the Astro is running and everything shows as connected, switch over to the AMC app
Press and hold the power button below the screen until you see the Herelink logo appear
The Astro can be powered with either one or two batteries. One battery will put the Astro into Bench Mode to prevent arm for benchtop operations, and two batteries will allow for flight
Bench Mode: Astro will only arm (i.e. spin the motors) if 2 batteries are installed. When powering Astro for non-flying purposes (e.g. benchtop testing), connect only one battery.
Bench mode is not a substitute for the absolute safety of removing propellers.
To power on the Astro, connect at least one SL8 battery by sliding it along the rails on top of the aircraft until you hear two clicks. Once connected, press the button on the battery twice to turn it on. If you have two batteries connected, they will both automatically power on when you turn on one of them.
Once the transmitter and Astro are connected, the AMC app indicates Astro's battery level and the battery level of the handset in the status bar.
You may occasionally encounter issues that will prevent Astro from arming:
If AMC asks you to calibrate the compass and won't allow you to take off, follow the instuctions to recalibrate sensors in an area without significant magnetic interference (far from large metal structures or magnetic/electric installations).
Check if the AMC message you're encountering is on our Error/Warning Spreadsheet and follow the associated instructions. If you're still experiencing the issue, please reach out to support@freeflysystems.com for further troubleshooting.
Astro's propulsion system has two fundamental states: Disarmed and Armed. These states are displayed on the Astro through the LED's on the boom arms.
Astro can be armed with or without GPS.
Pro Tip: Wait for GPS lock even if you don't plan to use Position Mode because Return Mode relies on GPS.
Before arming, ensure people and other obstacles are clear of the propellers. Be prepared for Astro to take off.
The transition between Armed and Disarmed can be done either through AMC or with the sticks on the pilot handset. (The pilot's handset default configuration is Mode 2.)
It is not possible to disarm via the normal method while in flight.
To disarm during flight, perform an Emergency Stop.
If Astro does not arm, check Auterion Mission Control (AMC) for errors or warnings.
Use only the throttle stick to Arm & Disarm. Astro will not respond to two-stick input (i.e. DJI arming gesture).
Missions may Arm and Disarm the aircraft automatically. For example, if a mission is started while the aircraft is disarmed on the ground, the aircraft will arm and take off.
Under these conditions, Astro will automatically disarm.
Position Mode is best for taking off in most cases, as it offers the most stabilization. However, it is certainly possible to take off in Altitude, Manual, and Mission modes as well.
For 5 seconds after takeoff, the maximum pitch and roll angles are reduced to 12 degrees.
After takeoff, promptly climb out of ground effect (i.e. to 3 meters / 12 feet of altitude) to avoid snagging landing gear on the ground.
After arming, allow the throttle stick to return to the center. The propellers will remain idle. When ready to take off, raise the throttle stick. The propellers will spin up and the aircraft will take off.
After arming, hold the throttle stick straight down with no Yaw input. When ready to take off, raise the throttle stick slowly. The propellers will accelerate as soon as the throttle stick moves. As the throttle approaches the mid-point, there will be enough thrust to take off. Continue raising the throttle to achieve a brisk takeoff.
Position Mode is best for landing in most cases, as it offers the most stabilization. However, it is certainly possible to land in Altitude and Manual modes as well. The aircraft behaves a little differently in each mode.
Do not hand catch Astro. The aircraft is designed to be landed on hard flat surfaces. Hand catching can result in serious injury or death.
In Position and Altitude Modes, at altitudes below 7 meters, the maximum vertical speed is reduced to 0.7 m/s (from the normal value of 2 m/s).
Astro will disarm automatically after the autopilot detects a landing. Landing detection brings together input from several sensors to determine when it is safe to disarm.
If the landing is not detected (i.e. the props do not stop after touchdown), perform the Emergency Procedure for Landing Detector Failure.
Bring the aircraft to a hover > 2 meters over the spot where landing is desired. Pull the throttle stick straight down as far as it goes, without any pitch, roll, or yaw commands. Astro's landing sensor will manage the speed of your descent. After touchdown, hold the throttle stick down until Astro disarms and the propellers stop.
At altitudes below 2 meters, the maximum pitch/roll angle is reduced to 12 degrees. This prevents abrupt maneuvers that might cause a tip-over.
Pitch, Roll, or Yaw commands very near the ground can cause crashes or tip-overs.
Landing in Altitude Mode is different than Position Mode because the pilot is responsible for managing lateral velocity. The autopilot will control the throttle to manage the descent rate.
Bring the aircraft to a hover > 2 meters over the spot where landing is desired. Give minimal pitch and roll commands to minimize both lateral speed and minimize pitch/roll angle. Pull the throttle stick down. After touchdown, hold the throttle stick down until Astro disarms and the propellers stop.
At altitudes below 2 meters, pitch/roll angle limits are reduced to 12 degrees. This reduces the likelihood of abrupt maneuvers that might cause a tip-over.
Landing in Manual Mode is different than Position or Altitude Mode because the pilot is responsible for managing vertical and lateral velocity.
Bring the aircraft to a hover > 2 meters over the spot where landing is desired. Give minimal pitch and roll commands necessary to minimize both lateral speed and minimize pitch/roll angle. Reduce throttle to allow the aircraft to descend slowly.
As Astro nears the ground and enters ground effect, the pilot will often need to reduce the throttle to keep the aircraft descending. Once the aircraft has touched down, the operator should reduce the throttle to zero promptly so that it settles on the ground instead of possibly bouncing or dragging the landing gear. Hold the throttle stick down until Astro disarms and the propellers stop
While Astro will recognize that the battery is low and perform a failsafe action (return to launch by default), the aircraft has no context of situations that might prevent a safe landing before the battery is exhausted. For instance, if the aircraft is several miles away from the RTL point when the failsafe is triggered, there is a chance that there won't be enough battery life to return. It is the pilot's responsibility to determine the appropriate time for a battery change and to ensure the aircraft is safely grounded.
The Astro's batteries can be removed by pushing up on the grey tab on the back of the battery. This will unlock the battery, and allow you to slide it out.
Astro's SL8 batteries do not need to be powered off before removal
During some longer missions, you may find hotswapping batteries easier, which will keep the Astro powered on during the battery changing process. To hotswap batteries, remove one discharged pack from the drone and replace it with a charged pack. Enable the pack by pressing the power button twice, then replace the other discharged pack. Enable the second charged pack if it does not show "Hotswap" on the battery display screen.
The pilot may also adjust the Low Battery Failsafe settings to activate Return Mode automatically at a level appropriate for the mission.
Upon landing, AMC will offer an option to "Resume Mission from Waypoint #". This will modify the mission by removing the waypoints already visited.
Flight Modes
Astro offers several flight modes with varying levels of assistance to the pilot.
Flight mode can be changed via the buttons on the Pilot Pro/Herelink or the AMC app on the handset/PC. See the documentation for the equipment you're using to become familiar with the buttons/switches involved.
Manual Mode may be necessary to react to emergency situations. Pilots should be proficient in Manual Mode. Position, Altitude, and Return Mode are assistive only and are not a replacement for pilot skill and preparedness.
Always neutralize the control input sticks on the pilot handset when switching between control modes to prevent unexpected aircraft movement.
In Position Mode, when the sticks are centered, the aircraft will maintain its position over a point on the ground and maintain altitude, correcting for disturbances.
In Position Mode, the pitch/roll stick commands the speed of the drone relative to the ground. The further upward the pitch/roll stick, the faster Astro will fly forward. When the pitch/roll stick is pulled downward, Astro will fly backward. Similarly, the pitch/roll stick will move the drone in the left and right directions when moved to the left and right.
The throttle stick commands vertical speed. The further upward the throttle stick, the faster Astro will climb. Conversely, the lower the throttle stick position, the faster Astro will descend. Deflecting the throttle stick left and right controls the yaw rate, with the speed of rotation proportional to stick deflection.
Position Mode requires a strong GPS signal. If a weak signal is present, Astro will not enter Position Mode.
If the signal deteriorates, such as near buildings or under dense tree cover, the aircraft will automatically revert to Altitude mode.
Flight using Position Mode in areas of degraded GPS signal, such as near buildings or under dense tree cover, is not recommended. The automatic reversion to Altitude Mode can cause unexpected, abrupt changes in flight behavior.
Similar to Position mode, the pitch/roll stick moves Astro laterally relative to the ground and the throttle stick commands vertical speed and yaw. However, while the drone can hold its vertical position using the barometer, lateral speed is not controlled by the autopilot in Altitude mode. Astro will drift with the wind, will not stop immediately after lateral movement, and will probably not hold a single point above the ground without pilot input.
The aircraft holds altitude above Mean Sea Level (MSL) by default. It is not aware of terrain height changes or obstacles without additional configuration and equipment.
In Manual Mode, when the pitch and roll stick is centered, the aircraft will attempt to remain level and will drift with the wind. The aircraft will require constant throttle adjustment to hold altitude.
In Manual Mode, the pitch and roll stick controls the aircraft angle. The further upward the pitch stick, the further Astro will tilt forward. When the pitch stick is pulled downward, Astro will tilt backward. Similarly for roll in the left and right directions. Lateral speed is not controlled by the autopilot.
The throttle stick controls motor speed directly. Deflecting the throttle stick left and right controls the yaw rate. The speed of yaw rotation is proportional to stick deflection.
The hover throttle setting controls the amount of thrust Astro produces when the throttle stick is centered. The default setting of 34% will hover the aircraft with no payload. A setting of approximately 40% will hover with 1500 grams of payload.
Adjust this setting in AMC on the pilot handset or PC:
Enable Advanced Mode
Vehicle Setup > Tuning
Position Slow acts just like regular Position Mode, but helps to give your flying more control over speed of movement. With the dials on the top of the Pilot Pro, you can now adjust velocity rates on the fly! Whether flying for tower inspections or a cinematic sweep, Position Slow helps give finesse to the pilot to achieve this with ease.
The gimbal's dial on the left is always active regardless of mode
Position Slow was added in Astro v1.4.6 when the Pilot Pro was introduced and has not been tested on the Herelink controller. While it may be accessible depending on software version, you will not have options to change speeds dynamically that you do on the Pilot Pro
Return Mode commands Astro to climb to the Return Altitude, fly back to the Home Point in a straight line, and land. Return Mode requires GPS.
Return Altitude is set by the pilot at AMC > Vehicle Setup > Safety. Please note that if Astro is above the Return Altitude when Return Mode is initiated, it will maintain altitude instead of dropping to the return altitude.
The Home Point is set to the GPS coordinates where Astro is armed. Home Point is reset every time Astro is armed.
By default, Return Mode is activated automatically by some Failsafes.
Before every flight, think through the path the aircraft will take if Return Mode is activated, and adjust settings to arrange for safe behavior.
For example, activating Return Mode while flying under an obstacle lower than the Return Altitude will cause a collision when the aircraft attempts to climb to Return Altitude. In some cases, it may be possible to set a lower Return Altitude, and in other cases, it may not be possible to use Return Mode.
It is possible to change from Return to Position Mode by moving the sticks, except if Return Mode was activated by the low battery failsafe. In that case, press another flight mode button to change out of Return Mode.
In most cases, RTL mode will travel to the predetermined RTL altitude, travel over the home point, and automatically descend to land. However, if the aircraft is close to the home point, the behavior will be slightly different in order to save time and reduce the amount of distance Astro will need to move.
If Astro is directly over the home point at the time of RTL, it will land without gaining altitude regardless of its current altitude.
If Astro is within a few meters of the home point, it will move directly above the home point and begin landing.
If Astro is within 20m altitude and less than 20m ground distance from the home point, it will go to 20m altitude, move over the home point, and land.
If Astro is between 20-35m altitude and less than 20m ground distance from the home point, it will maintain altitude, move over home point, and land.
If Astro is more than 35m altitude or more than 20m ground distance from the home point, it will go to the set RTL altitude, move over the home point, and land.
Takeoff Mode arms the aircraft, automatically climbs to the Takeoff Altitude, and enters Hold Mode (a.k.a. loiter or hover).
Takeoff Mode can be engaged via the button in the AMC app Fly view, optionally changing Takeoff Altitude via the slider, then holding/sliding to confirm. Takeoff Mode can also be engaged during a mission, for example as the first command.
Takeoff Mode requires a GPS lock.
Moving the sticks while in Hold Mode (i.e. after the aircraft has finished climbing) will cause a change to Position Mode. This makes it easy to take control without pressing the Position Mode button.
Landing Mode causes Astro to descend and land directly below the position where Land Mode is engaged. Once on the ground, Astro will disarm.
Landing mode can be engaged via the button on the AMC app Fly screen. You'll need to hold the button down to confirm the switch.
Landing Mode is often the last command in a mission. It can also be engaged by a failsafe, such as low battery level, or loss of signal.
Land Mode requires GPS when engaged manually.
When Land Mode is engaged by a failsafe, and GPS is not available, the autopilot behavior will be similar to Altitude Mode and the aircraft may drift horizontally as it descends.
Moving the sticks will cause a change to Position Mode unless Landing Mode is engaged by a Failsafe (e.g. critical battery level). See the Safety and Failsafes section for more details.
When activated by a low battery failsafe, Return and Landing Mode cannot be overridden by stick movement. They can be overridden by pressing a flight mode button (e.g. Position).
Mission Mode allows Astro to execute a predefined autonomous waypoint mission that has been uploaded to the flight controller via AMC. For more information on all the different options and abilities built into the Mission Mode, see the AMC docs, sections such as:
Starting a mission can cause the aircraft to arm itself and take off without any further pilot input. Before starting a mission, ensure that the aircraft is clear of obstacles in the propeller arc and flight path.
If a mission is interrupted (for example, by the pilot switching to Position mode), the Fly view will prompt to resume the mission. If a prompt is not shown, open the Action Menu and select "Resume Mission".
Astro must have a GPS lock before takeoff to set a valid home position to start a mission. Mission mode will be unavailable if the aircraft takes off before a GPS lock is achieved. The pilot must land and rearm with a GPS lock to enable it.
Depending on what Astro firmware version you're on, you may or may not be able to move sticks to interrupt Return Mode
Before Astro version 1.4.6, moving the flight sticks on the controller will interrupt Return and Mission mode.
For Astro version 1.4.6-1.5.18, moving the flight sticks will not interrupt these modes.
In 1.6.14 and later this setting was re-introduced as an op-in setting that's disabled by default, and by default stick movements will not interrupt Return Mode
To change this behavior, you can toggle Advanced Mode and change the COM_RC_OVERRIDE parameter to 1 in Vehicle Setup.
These changes were made as a response to feedback that accidental stick movements were interrupting these flight modes erroneously along with a userbase that wanted this behavior back.
Definition: The amount that each image overlaps with the previous sequential image; effectively, you are taking pictures more frequently on each straightaway of your mission. Benefit: The higher the front overlap, the more consistent your resulting map will likely be, as the stitching software will have an easier time connecting the discreet images together.
Tradeoff: You will be taking more pictures, many of which are redundant to an extent. This takes up more storage and takes more time to process. When changing this value, keep in mind that your photo interval needs to be greater than or equal to 2.0 seconds. The USB drive cannot save large images any faster. Recommended value: 70%
The amount that each image overlaps with the adjacent images in a parallel leg of the mission. The higher the value, the closer each swath of the mission will be to its neighboring swath.
Like front overlap, higher side overlap increases the consistency of your stitching software by introducing more redundant landmarks that help combine the two photos together.
Due to the increased number of passes over the same area, increasing side overlap will also increase the duration of your mission. Unlike front overlap, increasing your side overlap percentage does not increase your photo interval, though it will still increase the total number of pictures taken.
Recommended value: 70%
The Survey options ask you to select one: Altitude or GSD. These two options are directly proportional and can be selected based on the mission area and your requirements.
GSD, or Ground Resolution, is a general approximation of the fidelity of each image when compared to real-world measurements. For example, a ground resolution of 1 cm/px posits that every single pixel in the resulting map will be approximately 1 centimeter in length. This measurement can be calculated using the camera's resolution and the distance from the object being photographed. It stands to reason that if we have the desired ground resolution and the camera's resolution as known variables, the distance (or altitude of the aircraft) can be calculated as well!
Notice how changing the altitude or GSD sliders will also change the other option automatically. If you are using GSD, make sure that the resulting altitude is still clear of any obstacles.
Pattern Options
Astro is a compact professional multi-rotor aircraft designed for enterprise, industrial, and cinematic applications. Astro is built on the success of the Alta family of aircraft and includes new technologies like Auterion Skynode and Freefly SuperLight Batteries.
Astro is the next generation of Freefly aircraft, which emphasizes expandability and customization to make sure it can stand up to all challenges thrown its way while still being the reliable workhorse drone that Freefly pilots know and love.
There are 5 total status LEDs on the Astro. The 4 boom LEDs at the end of each arm show constant lights in most circumstances. By default, the rear two boom LEDs are red, and the front two boom LEDs are green. These LEDs will blink as the battery gets low, and blink quickly if there is an error.
The Astro uses a multi-color status indicator LED to communicate aircraft status on the ground. This LED is located on the front-left boom of the aircraft (pictured below in blue on boom 4). See the table below for complete information on the color codes
Please exercise extreme caution before changing parameters. Do not operate Astro with edited parameters unless you are certain you know what you're doing or have been instructed to do so by a Freefly employee.
Parameters are only accessible after
Enable AMC's advanced mode by rapidly tapping the AMC logo in the top left:
A popup to enable Advanced Mode will appear, confirm that you would like to switch to Advanced mode
Tap the AMC icon one more time to open the menu, and more options will now appear. Go into Advanced
Now scroll down to the bottom and choose Parameters, and parameters will now be accessible and searchable in the screen to the right
On occasion you may need to reset the parameters to the vehicle's default. To do this, once you navigate to parameters, click on Tools > Reset to vehicle's configuration defaults
Especially in support situations, we may ask you to load a parameter file. To do this, the file will need to be copied into AMC's visible folder so that it can load the file. AMC will be looking for parameters under Documents > Auterion Mission Control > Parameters
To load the parameter file, go to the parameter page and go to Tools > Load from file. As long as the file is in the right location, it should show up and be selectable to import the parameter changes
The fly screen shows a live feed of either the camera feed or an overhead map view.
This screen includes a live camera feed, telemetry, and camera/gimbal control. You can also launch uploaded missions or take off using the touch screen.
This screen shows the nearby satellite map, as well as the currently uploaded mission when applicable.
An optional checklist to assess the requirements of flying a safe mission or manual flight. This checklist can be accessed by tapping the Vehicle box near the top-left corner of the screen. Tapping the yellow boxes turns them green, allowing you to manually verify each item before takeoff.
Red items represent warnings or errors. Some items will prevent takeoff if there is an associated warning or error, such as insufficient battery power. Others will allow for takeoff with some limited usage. In the example below, there is no GPS signal, so the aircraft will only be capable of taking off in Manual mode.
State | Input |
---|---|
The current iteration of Astro ships with , our custom controller. For more information, check the .
Astro shipped with the controller as the pilot handset before late 2023. It runs a custom version of as its flight software.
SuperLight Lithium-ion batteries are designed and manufactured by Freefly. You can find more information on the battery in the section of the wiki.
State
Definition
Indication
Disarmed
Safe mode, no spinning propellers
Boom LEDS dim
Armed
Aircraft will spin propellers, ready to fly
Boom LEDs bright (100% or user specified level)
Arming (Mode 2)
Hold the throttle stick down and right for 2 seconds.
Disarming
When the aircraft has landed, continue holding the throttle stick down for 2 seconds.
Method
Astro behavior
Ground timeout before taking off
If Astro sits on the ground at idle throttle for 10 seconds, it will automatically disarm.
Land mode
If Astro is in Land Mode, and detects a landing, it will disarm after 2 seconds. For example, this applies if the last command in a mission is "Land".
Color | Meaning | Detail |
Solid Blue | Armed, No GPS Lock | Indicates vehicle has been armed and has no position lock from the GPS. Position, Mission and Return flight modes are not available.
|
Pulsing Blue | Disarmed, No GPS Lock | Indicates vehicle is disarmed and has no position lock from the GPS. Position, Mission and RTL flight modes will not be available until GPS lock is acquired. |
Solid Green | Armed, GPS Lock | Indicates vehicle has been armed and has position lock from the GPS. All flight modes are available.
|
Pulsing Green | Disarmed, GPS Lock | Indicates vehicle is disarmed and has position lock from the GPS. All flight modes will be available. |
Solid Purple | Failsafe Mode | Indicates an error has been encountered during flight and the vehicle will activate the Failsafe Action (Return To Launch by default). |
Solid Amber | Low Battery Warning | Indicates a battery voltage below threshold. |
Flashing Red | Error / Setup Required | Indicates an error, typically an issue with sensor calibration or autopilot configuration. |
Human safety must be the top priority. Aircraft can be replaced. People cannot. Always prioritize the safety of yourself and others over the preservation of aircraft or equipment.
Emergency situations are dynamic events, that will not often conform perfectly to the categories listed below. A thorough understanding of aircraft systems, proficiency in piloting the aircraft, and sound judgment will allow you to bring about the best possible outcome in an emergency.
The likelihood of an emergency can be reduced substantially through proper aircraft maintenance, the use of checklists for normal procedures, and careful pre-flight planning. The likelihood of a safe flight often depends on the diligence of the pilot, both before taking off and during operation.
In general, if an emergency occurs, three basic actions can be applied to most situations:
Maintain aircraft control — Small emergencies can quickly escalate if the pilot is distracted attempting to troubleshoot the problem. Always maintain visual contact with the aircraft during an emergency to reduce the likelihood of losing orientation.
Analyze the situation — Once the aircraft is stabilized, assess the cause of the emergency.
Take appropriate action — In many cases, the appropriate action will be to land the aircraft as soon as possible. Aircraft can be replaced.
Do not be over-reliant on Return Mode in emergency situations. The cause of the emergency may degrade performance or disable Return Mode. For example, loss of GPS disables Return Mode.
Depending on what Astro firmware version you're on, you may or may not be able to move sticks to interrupt Return Mode
Before Astro version 1.4.6, moving the flight sticks on the controller will interrupt Return and Mission mode.
For Astro version 1.4.6-1.5.18, moving the flight sticks will not interrupt these modes.
In 1.6.14 and later this setting was re-introduced as an op-in setting that's disabled by default, and by default stick movements will not interrupt Return Mode
This change was made as a response to feedback that accidental stick movements were interrupting these flight modes erroneously. To change this behavior, you can toggle Advanced Mode and change the COM_RC_OVERRIDE parameter to 1 in Vehicle Setup.
The Astro checklists contain concise instructions to follow to mitigate risk in the event of an in-flight emergency. Some of these situations are discussed in more detail below.
If orientation is lost, neutralize inputs and activate position mode. Then work to identify the front of the aircraft.
We recommend identifying the front of the aircraft via a "guess and check" method of small roll right inputs alternating with yawing the aircraft 90 degrees at a time. We recommend a roll input rather than pitch because at a distance it is easier to see lateral motion than fore/aft motion.
If it is not possible to identify orientation, and it is safe to activate Return Mode, do so. By default in Return Mode, after climbing, the aircraft will yaw to put the front toward the direction of flight.
Resume flying or land as necessary.
If Astro behaves unexpectedly, do the following: neutralize inputs, activate Position Mode, and observe the aircraft. If it is still flying in an uncommanded manner in Position or Altitude Mode, switch to Manual Mode.
In some cases, unexpected behavior is due to degraded GPS signal or erroneous sensor readings (e.g. compass error). In such cases, Return Mode may not behave reliably. Manual Mode does not rely on these sensors.
Land as soon as possible.
If the aircraft touches down, but hops back up into the air several times, or sits on the ground with the props continuing to spin, the autopilot may not have detected a landing. Climb and retry landing with a greater downward velocity.
Landing the aircraft firmly will give the accelerometers and gyroscopes a sufficient contrast between flight and landing.
If an attempted landing is unsuccessful in Position and Altitude mode, land in Manual Mode.
If an attempted landing is unsuccessful in Manual Mode, perform an Emergency Stop with the aircraft on the ground or as close as possible.
If GPS is lost, flight modes that rely on GPS (Position, Return, Mission, etc) will not be available. If the aircraft is in one of these modes when GPS is lost, the autopilot will switch to Altitude Mode.
It is the pilot's responsibility to be proficient with Altitude and Manual Mode and to have the aircraft configured to behave safely if GPS is lost.
Examples of behavior without GPS:
If GPS is not available upon arming, no Home Point is set, and Return Mode is not available. Even if GPS becomes available while flying, Return Mode will not be available.
If the pilot commands Return Mode, the aircraft will remain in Altitude or Manual Mode, and an error will be displayed on the pilot handset.
If Land Mode is activated (e.g. by a failsafe), the aircraft will descend as though in Altitude mode, maintaining a consistent attitude but drifting with the wind. (Land mode cannot be activated by the pilot because Land Mode requires GPS).
If GPS is lost during a mission, the aircraft will display a warning and switch flight mode to either Altitude Mode or Manual Mode, depending on the degradation of the signal.
If GPS is providing altitude information (e.g. while using RTK GPS), and GPS is lost, the ability of Altitude Mode to accurately maintain altitude may be affected.
RC Loss of Signal (LOS) can occur if the pilot handset signal is degraded or stops, or if Astro does not receive the signal due to distance or interference (e.g. from obstacles or other radio signals).
If the signal is lost longer than the RC Timeout, a failsafe action will be triggered. The RC Timeout is quite short by default: 0.5 seconds. The pilot may not have time to react before the failsafe action is activated. By default, the failsafe action is Return Mode.
If the signal is lost, check the pilot's handset power and antenna orientation. Antenna orientation is especially important when Astro is far from the pilot.
If the signal is recovered, the pilot will be able to take control via moving the sticks or pressing a flight mode button.
RC Loss of Signal (LOS) is differentiated from Data Link Loss. LOS refers to the stream of SBUS data containing the pilot's inputs. Data Link refers to the stream of MavLINK messages. Astro routes both data streams through a single radio system. Please note that the AMC app needs to be in the foreground on the pilot handset during operation; Data Link will fail after 30 seconds and trigger a failsafe if the AMC app is closed or running in the background.
Loss of Video Signal can occur if the aircraft flies out of range or if it flies behind an object that interrupts the signal. Maintaining visual contact is the preferred method to re-establish control of the aircraft, either with the pilot seeing the aircraft or by the use of a visual observer.
Yawing the aircraft can help signal reception if the body of the aircraft is blocking the line of sight between the transmitter and receiver antennas.
If video signal or visual contact cannot be re-established, enable Return Mode to bring the aircraft back to signal reception range.
It is the responsibility of the pilot to see and avoid other aircraft, people, or obstacles. Always maintain a direct line of sight with Astro during flight, use visual observers as operations require, and follow local regulations regarding see-and-avoid requirements.
Failsafe behavior and settings are configured in AMC. The AMC documentation covers each failsafe and related settings in detail.
Some failsafes are discussed briefly below.
We strongly recommend using the default settings, changing only Return Altitude, unless you are an expert user and have tested the effect of changes thoroughly.
Battery level is evaluated from the State of Charge (SoC, e.g. 72%), not voltage (e.g. 23 Volts).
As the battery level becomes low, the autopilot can take action. The default settings do not interfere until the battery becomes quite low. Additionally, low battery failsafes are only able to estimate how long it will take the aircraft to return to the home point. This means it is the pilot's responsibility to be aware of the battery level and ensure the aircraft is on the ground.
When activated by a low battery failsafe, Return and Land Mode cannot be overridden by stick movement. They can be overridden by pressing a flight mode button (e.g. Position).
The aircraft communicates the presence of errors and warnings primarily through Auterion Mission Control (AMC) status indicators on the pilot handset or PC. Many messages are accompanied by an audible message (e.g. "Return Flight Mode"). Additionally, Astro boom LEDs will flash when the battery level is low.
Status messages, including errors and warnings, are stored in Flight Logs. After any emergency, review the log to determine the source of the problem.
If the meaning of an error or warning is not clear, please contact Freefly Support. Share as much detail as possible, including sharing the flight log.
Arming via the AMC app in Manual Mode is not recommended. In Manual Mode, the aircraft should be armed while the throttle stick is held at the minimum position. This is difficult to achieve while using an app GIU.
Mission import/export: AMC’s .plan files can be imported and exported. This is useful for creating missions on a computer, then importing all of them to Herelink at the same time
KML import: KML files can be imported to AMC. This is useful for creating mission shape definitions in some software, then importing all of them to Herelink at the same time.
Important Note on importing:
Zoom in to maximum level, then create a random survey shape. If you don’t zoom in, survey shape could be very large and could crash AMC
Then click “import KML” on the right toolbar
Survey shape will automatically change to the data defined in the KML import
KML export: This is useful for exporting waypoints outside AMC. You won’t be able to import them back as KML, since these are waypoints, and not a shape definition.
This method may not work as expected on Mac. We recommend using Method 2 on Apple computers.
1) Connect the Herelink via the Micro USB port to a computer.
2) Turn on the Herelink.
3) Drag down from the top to open the drop-down menu. Select “USB Charging this device”.
4) Select “Transfer files”.
5) The Herelink will appear on your computer as a device named “Optimus”.
6) Upload flight plans into the following folder: Optimus > Internal shared storage > Documents > Auterion Mission Control > Missions
If you aren't seeing the files you're expecting on the Herelink or computer, restart the Herelink.
1) Upload flight plans onto the MicroSD card.
2) Insert Micro SD card into the Herelink’s Micro SD Card slot.
3) Drag down from the top to open the drop-down menu and select the Micro SD card device.
4) Select the desired flight plan and select “Copy to…” or “Move to…”
5) Select Optimus > Documents > Auterion Mission Control > Missions.
6) Select “Copy” or “Move” to complete transferring.
Provides a brief overview of the main vehicle setup bullet-points that pilots should consider before takeoff. If there is an issue with the sensors or radio, the green dots seen below will instead be red.
Currently, the only functionality of this screen is to change and test the functionality of the physical button on the top-right corner of the controller.
Use the dropdown to select the functionality of the button. Watch the box with the 0 in it while pressing the button to verify that it is working.
Select Compass, Gyroscope, or Accelerometer to recalibrate. Calibration is recommended for any sensors marked with a red dot.
Displays a live view of the radio inputs. Allows you to switch between Mode 1 and Mode 2 control schemes (Mode 2 recommended).
This screen is essential to operating Astro safely. Ensure that the altitude under Return To Launch Settings is higher than the tallest obstructing obstacle. For instance, if your mission takes place near a 65m tree, a return altitude of 60m is insufficient. If an RTL triggers while the aircraft and the landing point are on opposite sides of this tree and you are unable to regain control, it is unlikely that the aircraft will return to the ground safely in this scenario.
This section describes the connection process for Astro's built-in wifi chip. This functionality is useful while the aircraft is on the ground, for admin and setup tasks. Connecting the Astro to wifi is required to complete the initial .
Connect to the aircraft while in flight with the pilot handset's.
Open AMC GCU or PC. If using a PC, connect to Astro with a USB-C cable.
Tap on the vehicle status button at the top of the AMC screen (it will be either red, yellow, or green depending on the vehicle's status).
Select Connectivity.
Enable Wifi and disable Hotspot Mode.
Enter the Network SSID and Password for your wifi access point and select Connect.
Unlike the Herelink wifi, which is restricted to the 5GHz band, Astro's wifi chip is compatible with 5GHz and 2.4GHz bands.
Open AMC on the pilot handset or PC. If using a PC, connect to Astro with a USB-C cable.
Power Astro.
Tap the icon in the top-left of AMC. Navigate to Vehicle Setup > WiFi.
Set Wifi Mode to Hotspot, which allows Astro to broadcast a wifi network that other devices can connect to.
Currently, Astro is only available with an LTE radio suitable for North American markets. Additional LTE compatibility will be available in the future.
Open AMC on the pilot handset or PC
Navigate to Vehicle Setup > Cellular
If you need to access the IMEI number for the vehicle to enable the SIM cards, connect to the Astro with a laptop and USB cable
Power on Astro with one battery only.
Connect the laptop and the Astro by plugging in a USB-C cable to the IO panel on the underside of the aircraft.
On the bottom of the page, expand the "details" bar and scroll until you find the listed IMEI information
Currently, Astro is only available with an LTE radio suitable for North American markets. Additional LTE compatibility will be available in the future.
When switching SIM cards, try leaving the APN field blank. It should be automatically detected. If not, here are a few suggestions.
In most cases, check the "Allow Roaming" box.
After changing the SIM, reboot both the aircraft and AMC.
Unlock the superpowers of Astro and build your fleet
Manage your enterprise robotics program with Auterion Suite. The Suite is where the data of your fleet is collected, analyzed and presented. Get insights on vehicles, assets and operations to keep control over your robotics program. With Auterion-powered vehicles data is delivered automatically and in real-time from the fleet to the Suite – while the drones are flying and without any manual intervention.
Astro is built to easily integrate into the Auterion Suite and many of Astro's features are enabled through this platform
Manage your aircraft fleet
Access detailed flight logs, check vehicle status
Direct Freefly customer support with integrated flight log sharing and review
Get software updates
Using a computer, connect a USB-C cable from your computer to the IO panel on the underside of the Freefly Astro.
Power on the the Astro with one SL8 battery (NOTE: Using only one battery prevents the danger of accidentally arming the aircraft).
This physical connection to the Astro is required for security reasons as the Suite enables location data, live streaming, etc.
This page will allow the user to sign up for the suite as well as automatically register and claim the aircraft. Click "Register Now" or scan QR code for mobile signup.
Note: This requires the vehicle to be online to generate a signup QR code otherwise it’ll say “internet required” for the registration prompt.
Once complete, you should see the Astro unit listed under the "Vehicles" Section on the main dashboard of the Auterion Suite.
Go Fly!
Alternate Signup Methods
Another signup method is to sign up for the Auterion Suite directly from Auterion's website.
If you use this method, you won't have any vehicles registered for your Suite account unless you add them manually!
You can add an aircraft using the Aircraft serial number under the Vehicles page, but note that data sharing will be limited until you physically connect your aircraft to a laptop and validate you have physical access to the drone.
Astro's autopilot automatically creates log files that record the aircraft's flight path, inputs received, outputs sent, and more.
Flight logging starts when Astro is armed, and ends when Astro is disarmed.
The suite allows sharing log files with the Freefly Support Team.
To ask Freefly about a problem with a particular flight, use the "Share with Manufacturer" toggle.
If you're not able to use the suite, it's possible to download log files from Astro to a PC via USB.
QGroundControl (QGC) can be used in place of AMC PC for this procedure. However, QGC should not be used for any other purpose with Astro as it may not accurately represent the state of the aircraft and can corrupt Astro's parameters.
If internal storage is full, the earliest logs will be deleted from the aircraft to make room for the latest flight log.
Using the Auterion Suite to share aircraft logs with Freefly Support (by clicking on the "Share with manufacturer" button) is the easiest and quickest way to get Freefly support and get your Astro back in the air after an issue.
Freefly and Auterion think of data generated by Astro, including flight logs, as your property. We think it's important that you are in control of your data, are confident in the measures taken to ensure security, and agree with how the data is used.
The Auterion Privacy Policy gives a layperson's description of how data can flow from Astro, through the Suite, and to partners you choose.
Briefly, when Astro is registered with a Suite account, you can choose to have flight logs automatically uploaded from the aircraft to Auterion servers when an internet connection is available. You can review this data in your Suite account. Auterion employees do not have access to your data. You may choose to share individual flight logs with Freefly Support via the Suite, for example to troubleshoot details of a specific flight.
Freefly and Auterion understand the need for full data control and user privacy so we have built this platform for maximum user control.
The Astro comes with hardware to support WIFI and LTE connections to the internet or other devices.
If you do not want the LTE to connect, do not install a SIM card for data connection
If you do not want the Astro to connect to WIFI, do not select any networks or present any passwords. You can also disable WIFI on the pilot handset.
For security purposes the user needs to have physical access/connection to the Astro in order to register the aircraft to the Auterion Suite because the Auterion Suite enables log uploads, live unit status tracking, live video streaming etc.
Changing these settings requires Advanced Mode, which is not recommended for most pilots. Key safety features and parameters that keep Astro airborne can be disabled if changes are made without understanding their purpose. Keep in mind that changing settings in this mode poses an increased risk to property and safety if not done with careful consideration and care.
To switch to Advanced Mode and see many of these options, repeatedly tap on the AMC icon in the top-left-hand corner of the app. After tapping about 6 times, a popup menu will appear asking if you would like to switch to Advanced Mode. The icon will change once Advanced Mode is active. You can return to Standard Mode by repeating the process of tapping the icon until the menu appears and selecting the option to switch to Standard Mode.
Be very careful about the Autopilot Orientation setting when calibrating sensors in Advanced Mode. It should not be changed from the default value of ROTATION_YAW_270.
You can determine if Astro needs an update by following steps 2-4 below. The current firmware number available will be on the page.
the firmware file from the or .
Connect Astro to your computer with a USB cable.
Power on aircraft with one battery and wait about 15 seconds for aircraft to fully boot.
Using a browser such as Chrome or Safari, open the aircraft's info/update page at (internet connection is not needed).
In the Update Auterion OS box, click Browse, and select the firmware file downloaded above.
Click Update. (Should take about 10 minutes.)
After the update completion message, verify that the webpage shows a "Release name" that matches the downloaded file and that all the motor LEDs are on.
If the aircraft gives an error message, power cycle the aircraft and try again.
After updating the aircraft, make sure that all apps in the Freefly Updater on your controller are .
If Freefly Updater is not installed, follow these .
Connect Astro to your computer with a USB cable.
Power on aircraft with one battery and wait about 15 seconds for aircraft to fully boot.
Using a browser such as Chrome or Safari, open the aircraft's info/update page at (internet connection is not needed).
Connect AMC to Astro
Select: Vehicle setup > Parameters > Tools > Reset to vehicle's configuration defaults.
Reboot Vehicle
Calibrate sensors as required
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This advanced feature significantly enhances drone navigation in environments where compass reliability is a concern. Originally developed and launched by Freefly Systems in 2015, the algorithm leverages a single GPS to accurately determine aircraft heading.
The new compassless flight mode developed by Auterion and introduced in APX4 further increases the experience by achieving faster convergency times and alows users to directly take off in position mode. Updating to the new Astro Software 1.2 will enable you to experience increased confidence and precision during flight operations, even in challenging conditions.
Compassless flight mode is enabled on all Astro’s flying v1.2 or above by default. Now the information from the compass is only used on the ground to determine the initial heading, and it will not be used in flight.
In a situation where there is a magnetic interference that is preventing the aircraft to figure out its heading before takeoff, you are presented with options:
Simply take off in altitude mode. Shortly after flying in altitude mode, GPS heading will be locked and you can then switch to position mode.
Move away from any magnetic interferences. In most cases, moving the Astro few feet away will allow it to get a better magnetic reading to figure out the heading and position mode will become available for takeoff
We've made several key improvements to enhance the flight performance
The AMC Fly screen user interface has been redesigned to display more information, including aircraft heading.
Astro now relies solely on the Barometer sensor, rather than fusing it with GPS. This change sacrifices some precision but ensures greater reliability and determinism.
Preflight critical parameters check has been added for enhanced safety.
GPS lock thresholds have been updated to be stricter to improve navigational accuracy.
Position Mode now features a faster descent speed to allow more controllability for the pilot. Its been increased from 2.5 m/s to 3.0 m/s
Descend and climb speeds for auto (including RTL) are now independent from Position mode min/max settings.
Tuning has been refined for better yaw hold.
Vertical speed limitations due to blocked distance sensors have been resolved, no longer restricting the aircraft to 0.1m/s.
Fixed an issue where aircraft may steer to the original setpoint of heading, not the new heading when pushing forward.
Removed the non actionable and confusing “Preflight GPS drift too high” message.
Astro Software v1.2 introduces significant updates to mission planning, streamlining the process and enhancing the overall user experience for professionals.
A redesigned user interface for AMC Mission Planning offers a more intuitive experience, guiding pilots through mission setup with the Start, Mission, and End tabs. The updated Plan View path predictor more closely simulates vehicle flight behavior, allowing for more precise mission planning.
Photo spacing has been optimized, resulting in notably more consistent image capture during missions. This consistency ensures accurate mapping, particularly in situations where altitude is low, or when edges need to be mapped accurately.
EXIF data now includes gimbal orientation for improved accuracy.
Added support for 50mm lenses in the Missions screen.
Resolved an issue causing blurry photos when pausing and resuming missions.
Fixed default camera parameter issues during flight.
Addressed display issues for photo interval computation.
Corrected a problem where a loaded mission's takeoff waypoint remained at the original location after moving the aircraft.
Changing the speed now prompts users to re-upload the mission.
AMC now displays the correct accuracy for RTK FIXED with additional decimal points.
Astro Software v1.2 brings several enhancements and bug fixes to payload, camera, and gimbal functionalities:
Focus area settings have been added for increased control over autofocus modes, including wide, center, and zone options.
Gimbal tilt angle indicator provides real-time information on the gimbal's position. Enable this feature in the camera settings.
Adjustable gimbal speed and an option to invert wheel direction for customized control. Enable this feature in the camera settings.
Exfat support for USB drives streamlines formatting, saving time and effort for both the Astro production line and customers.
Photo capture speed with the A7R is no longer capped at 2 seconds, increasing efficiency.
Added Gimbal firmware version display and Gimbal Firmware v1.2 for enhanced performance.
Resolved an issue where no error is thrown when SD card is missing while photo storage is set to "both."
Fixed a problem where the camera indicates video recording without an SD card present.
Addressed a mode switch failure message when switching from photos to video.
Corrected an issue where the gimbal may not receive power until Herelink connects to Astro.
Fixed a problem where AMC triggers a sound and the photo counter does not increment when storage is set to both and no camera SD card is present.
Updated the name of the "SER_PPB_BAUD" parameter to "SER_EXT2_BAUD".
Here is a guide to get your issues resolved faster:
Reach out to support by emailing us at support@freeflysystems.com or via our . Texting or sending social messages will take longer.
Share as much detail as possible and provide Astro's serial number.
Share your flight logs from the .
Include photos or videos in your contact in order to get us up to speed as quickly as possible.
Include pilot statement and notes of any incident or details
State | SoC (default) | Action (default) |
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We’ve found that FedEx provides the easiest path to ship batteries. Their website has a search tool to find FedEx locations that can accept batteries can be found good shipments, go to > More... > Dangerous Goods Shipping > and Search in your area.
If you’d like to pack the batteries yourself, guidelines can be found in the . Refer to the Lithium batteries section (SL batteries are classified UN3481). These guidelines are universal across shipping providers.
If your Astro has an LTE sim card installed, you can utilize online features such as live video, real-time aircraft status, and flight logs through .
into Astro. Make sure to write down the SIM card number found on the card if you don't have it recorded elsewhere.
Using a web browser, navigate to to connect to your Astro aircraft
You can assure that LTE is not being used bycard from Astro.
covers the Suite in depth.
Watch this Quick Start video showing how to sign up and unlock the powers of your
Using a web browser, go to the following address to connect to the Astro:
Connect the Astro to the internet using these instructions to connect to either a or network.
If Astro is connected to the internet and plugged into the computer and does not show the Register Now button, try refreshing your browser.
To physically register an aircraft that was added by serial number, you'll need to connect the aircraft to a wifi network as described , then connect physically to a computer and visit in your browser. Click the large Register button on this screen and sign in to Auterion Suite to complete the process.
Astro will automatically upload flight log files to the Suite with built-in or connections.
Log files are stored to the onboard SD card. If the aircraft is registered in the Auterion Suite, Astro will automatically upload flight log files to the Suite when a or connection is available. Logs can also be downloaded to a PC.
The easiest way to view the logs is with an (Basic version is free).
to see many plots showing data such as angles, position, speed, GPS quality, vibration, etc. It will also show the build information, parameter values, and any errors detected in the flight.
Logs are stored in the onboard SD card in “” format. Use this procedure to download them. Requirements: Astro, 1 SL8 battery, USB-C cable, , and an Auterion Suite account (you can create a free account ; an account is required to download AMC PC).
If AMC/QGC does not connect to Astro, check that Astro is communicating with your computer by opening a web browser and navigating to . The aircraft's information page should load. If not, try rebooting Astro, remating the cable, and restarting AMC/QGC.
Downloading logs via USB is faster and more reliable. While it is possible download flight logs over a , it is considerably slower.
The easiest tool to use is . Simply upload a ulog file. It will present thorough analysis via plots showing data such as angles, position, speed, GPS quality, vibration, etc. It will also show software build information, parameter values, and any errors detected in the flight.
For other purposes, there are a variety of other .
Learn more about the Astro's internet connections: and .
For in-depth problem-solving, you can check our or for solutions to specific questions or error codes.
If you need more help or can't find what you're looking for, please !
As of Astro Version 1.4.6, Herelink is maintained through the Freefly Updater. Instructions on how to install the Freefly Updater can be found .
Once the Freefly Updater has been installed, it can be used to .
Open AMC and
This feature allows for efficient mission preparation and sharing across devices, enabling pilots to create missions on a computer, then import them to Herelink simultaneously. KML import and export also allows for mission shape definition creation in other software and waypoint export outside AMC.
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Warning
20%
Warning: Flash boom LEDs
Critical (>200m)
17-15%
Return Mode
Critical (<200m)
10%
Return Mode
Emergency
6%
Land Mode
Method
Input
AMC App, pilot handset
Tap the Arm button (top center) and hold to confirm.
Mission
If a mission starts with the takeoff command, and the aircraft is disarmed, the aircraft will arm itself when the mission is initiated.
We just launched Pilot Pro and we think it's the best drone controller ever designed - learn more here! Astro Software v1.4 brings support for the Pilot Pro and introduces new features with it including real time velocity control dials with the new Slow Speed Mode
Using the dials on the Pilot Pro allows for very accurate control of the Astro’s gimbal, ground and vertical velocities - ensuring smooth, consistent, and repeatable climbs or descents. Pilots can lower the velocity and vertical maximum speeds .1 m/s, such that a full stick command moves the machine at that maximum speed and climb rate.
Fine-Tuned Speed Adjustments: Pilots can set the velocity and vertical maximum speeds as low as 0.1 m/s. At this setting, a full stick command results in the drone moving at the specified maximum speed and climb rate.
High-Fidelity, Controlled Movements: By lowering the velocity clamps to a minimal setting, pilots can achieve highly precise and repeatable slow camera movements or climbs, offering exceptional control via the cyclic stick.
Seamless Mode Transition: Operate in the traditional Position Mode to fly at full speed. For operations requiring more finesse, such as a tower inspection or a cinematic shot, switch to the "Position Slow" mode, where the velocity limits set by the dials are engaged for more delicate maneuvers.
Mission and RTL Joystick Interaction: Moving the joysticks during Mission, Hold, or RTL modes will no longer switch to Position mode. For immediate stopping, press the Position mode button.
It's important to note that after executing certain automated actions, like Missions and Takeoff commands, the drone typically concludes with a Hold action. To regain manual control using the joysticks, operators must deliberately switch to Position mode.
Photo Trigger Feedback: Enhanced feedback in AMC UI during photo capture to prevent premature triggering of the next photo. Added error sound for capture failures.
Vehicle Timezone Configuration: Option to set the vehicle timezone on the Skynode web page. When set this will be used to name the photo folders based on the local time.
Failsafe Options for Wind Limit: Customizable failsafe actions if wind limit threshold is reached: Warning only, Return-To-Launch (RTL, default), and Land.
Gimbal Tilt Control Sensitivity: Added an option to adjust the sensitivity.
Rocker Dead Band Adjustment: New setting to fine-tune the rocker dead band.
Quick Vehicle Overview Menu: Accessible via the vehicle indicator on the top bar's left side, featuring preflight checklists, safety settings, and system status.
Vehicle Menu Tab: Now hidden in normal mode, with essential tools available in the Quick Vehicle Overview Menu.
Tool Strip UI Revamp: Organized into Quick Actions, Flight Tools, and Map Tools, with improved accessibility and description tooltips.
Heading Indicator and Telemetry Dashboard: Redesigned for better map interaction and readability.
Unified Joystick and Radio Menu: Consolidated under the Controller menu.
Radio Tab Availability: Limited to RC-enabled vehicle configurations.
AMC Log Default: Logs are enabled by default with a retention of the last 10 files. Popup notifications for unhandled exceptions.
Magnetometer Interference Alerts: Notifications for detected interferences.
Enhanced Cellular Status Indicator: Detailed status display, including SIM card issues and connection rates.
Battery Charging Indicator: Now available for Android-based AMCs.
WiFi Settings Sync Fix: Resolved synchronization issues between WiFi settings and vehicle status.
PPK Status Enhancements:
New workflow API for progress status.
Fix for incorrect PPK status display in AMC.
In-Progress Download Display: Enhanced visibility of ongoing downloads.
UI Improvements: Better organization and navigation, including thumbnail resizing and navigation arrows.
Pinch-to-Zoom: Added for gallery images.
Download Optimizations: Various improvements to accelerate photo downloads.
Mission Planning UI Structure: New tabbed interface for mission planning stages: "Start," "Mission," and "End."
Terrain Elevation Data Model: Transitioned to a new model hosted by Auterion, replacing the previous service that ended in June 2023.
KML Import and Mission Item Handling: Fixed KML import errors and improved mission item loading times and gimbal command execution.
Sony A7RIV Triggering: Improved consistency with reduced jitter during surveys.
Max Waypoint Distance: Increased to 1500 meters.
Unified Map Layer: Eliminates the need for map reloading when switching views.
New Onboarding Interface in AMC: Streamlined registration and setup process.
Feature Configuration Page: Customize Auterion Suite features in AMC.
Photo Upload Enhancements: Increased reliability, speed, and UI integration of photo uploads. Photos taken while disarmed won't upload.
Live Streaming Fix: Resolved issues causing video drops, ensuring stability across sessions.
Video Stream Reliability: Improved the reliability of the video stream resuming automatically after a brief link loss
Video Recording Controls: Fixed Start/Stop/Toggle button functionalities for video recording.
Video Stream Duplication: Fixed an issue causing multiple streams, potentially overloading the radio link.
App Stability: Improved stability during vehicle connection changes.
MAVLink Command Processing: Removed command queuing for immediate execution and reliability.
Hold Command and Fly View Commands: Resolved execution issues related to missing terrain data.
Manual Control Failsafe: Improved handling during hold command execution.
Geofence Reposition Command: Addressed a corner case affecting hold commands.
Orbit Altitude Stability: Fixed altitude changes when adjusting speed.
Mission Start Bug: Fixed a bug causing the vehicle to get stuck in mission mode with idle motors.
MAVLink Dialect Default in AMC: Changed to v2, enhancing initial communication efficiency.
Skynode Web UI Logging View: Added for comprehensive log monitoring from any application.
AuterionOS App Base Image Inclusion: Simplifies and accelerates app development.
MAVSDK Version Update: Upgraded to version 1.4.0.
MAVLink Tracker API: New API for integrating third-party object trackers with AMC.
Distance Metadata in XMP: Added for enhanced data capture.
Disarm Gesture Hysteresis: Introduced with adjustable COM_RC_DARM_A_H parameter.
MAV_0_FORWARD and COM_RC_OVERRIDE: Set to 0.
MIS_DIST_1WP: Set to 1500.
Wind Limit Failsafe Actions: Configurable via COM_WIND_MAX_ACT parameter.
Everything you need to know to maintain a safe and functional aircraft
Before performing any maintenance, ensure that Astro is not connected to any power source, battery or otherwise. Leaving Astro powered while performing any work on it can result in a potentially dangerous situation.
Keep your aircraft clean of dust and debris after each use- this will ensure that moving parts are not damaged/warn/jammed and also helps prevent and contamination from hiding structural damage that must be identified during visual preflight inspections.
Clean Astro's exterior with a non-abrasive soft cloth, microfiber towel or similar with a plastic-safe soap or detergent. Graduate the solvent potency when removing contamination, as shown below:
Water
Soap and water
General cleaner (like Simple Green)
Isopropyl Alcohol
Avoid anything that has bleach in it, or aggressive solvents like Acetone. If operating in a salt environment, wipe down Astro after use with a clean rag wet with tap water.
Always follow the preflight checklist items to ensure that each flight is safe and achieves the mission goals.
Astro is rated to 1500 flight hours! If an item is not specifically listed under any preventative maintenance schedule below, then the item is rated for the lifetime of the aircraft. This does include all aircraft electronics and motors.
At any point if you are concerned about something on the aircraft you can contact Freefly Support or purchase a Preventative Maintenance Checkup.
Note- it is key to keep both your aircraft and controller firmware up to date. Review the Software Release Notes or review the software updates page in the Auterion Suite to maintain your vehicle firmware.
Perform a full visual inspection of the drone, controller, batteries, and payloads before each flight.
Look for any missing screws or hardware, any new damage or cracks, or anything that looks out of the ordinary or has changed.
Check that motors spin freely and with no grinding/interference
Developing this mental model of your drone is key to catching issues before they become a possible in-flight emergency.
In addition to phase PM1:
Perform a detailed visual inspection of the aircraft:
Propeller blades and fasteners
Motor mounting fasteners are present and not loose
Propeller blades are flight ready. Reject if chips, cracks, or deep scratches are visible. Replace as necessary with spare parts.
Vibration Isolators:
Visually check for any cracks, gel leaks, visible stretching. Replace as necessary with spare parts
Propeller blade washers (between blade and hub):
Visually check if they are present and not severely deformed. Replace as necessary with with spare parts
Inspect Landing Gear
Look for: Loose hinges, Hinge pin migration, no longer latching, any visible cracks or damage
Clean aircraft
Wipe down any dust/debris from chassis
Clean any contamination from battery connectors
Ensure no debris in or around the boom motors
Clean off any debris on propellers
Check Propeller Tension
Propeller tension is within acceptable tightness range (not clamping the propeller to tight or too loose on the propeller)
Verify Boom Latch Tightness
Verify each boom fully latches
The safety hinge has a solid over-center force
The hinge latch fully seats behind the latching post
If the hinge does not have enough tension, use a driver to adjust the hinge set screw to increase the latch tension
Ensure that any battery storage is conforming to the Maintenance Guidelines in the battery user manual
Visually inspect each battery:
Verify housings are intact and have no structural damage
Verify the battery connector has no major damage
Note: It is possible for the connector to get small minor chips from high force insertion on the Astro. This is OK as long as no connector metal is exposed from the damage.
If you have any questions, send a photo of the connector to Freefly Support
Verify that the battery does not have any errors displayed on the OLED screen
In addition to phases PM1 and PM2:
Inspect all fastener locations to verify fasteners are present, not damaged, and are not loose
To check fasteners, apply a slight tightening torque (Clockwise direction) to each fastener on the chassis using the supplied hex drivers. The fasteners should not slip. Do not try to tighten the fastener, only check if it is loose
If a fastener does slip, tighten it using the methods described in the "Replacing Components - Fastener Specifications" section. Do not apply additional thread locking compound unless the fastener has repeatedly come loose.
Motor mount bolts (attaches motor mount to boom)
Propeller Mount bolts (attaches props to motor)
Prop Tension (see prop tension)
Top and bottom chassis bolts
Payload Isolation Mount
Compass mounting bolts
GPS antenna tightness
Landing Gear bolts
Any payload fasteners
Freefly recommends to perform this maintenance every year even if the aircraft has not hit 750 flight hours, especially if the aircraft has missed other PM intervals or if the drone operates in harsh or abusive conditions
Send Astro in for a Freefly Service Inspection and Overhaul
Freefly drone service team will perform a full visual inspection and functional test of your aircraft with specific emphasis on:
Wear/fatigue items
Updated/improved/revised components
Confirm performance thresholds
Motors
Sensors
Any payload stabilization metrics
The service will include:
Historical flight log review for any errors or trends that need to be addressed (shared via Auterion Suite)
Service bulletin and firmware updates.
Full airworthiness inspection
Full cleaning and fastener replacement (as needed)
System level test and re-qualification
First step is to evaluate if the problem can be fixed- Things that can be fixed by the user typically are:
Dirty or contaminated hardware
Loose fasteners (Ensure you have the correct type of Loctite Threadlocker)
Missing fasteners (If you have the correct replacement parts)
Any replacement parts that you bought from the store or have specific directions from Freefly Customer Support
If you have a failure and cannot fix using our general guidelines or the spare parts provided in the kit or on the store, please reach out to support@freeflysystems.com or submit a direct ticket for any questions, specific replacement needs or issues! We are here to help you get safely and quickly back into the air!
If you need to purchase spare or replacement parts, please go to store.freeflysystems.com to purchase our standard parts.
It is not necessary to perform calibrations as a matter of course. Often a calibration will not be required even if the aircraft is relocated a long distance (e.g. by air travel). Compass handling in particular has been improved as compared to past PX4 implementations. For example, shortly after takeoff, the aircraft automatically performs a compass calibration. In general, sensor calibration should be unnecessary. There are times when it may be required:
If the magnetic field strength in the operating area is significantly different than where it was calibrated. If the aircraft appears to have the wrong heading on the ground, makes a large move after takeoff, or flies crooked for a few seconds, those are indicators you should do a compass calibration.
If the drone has a significant ferrous or magnetic payload installed, it may be required to perform calibration with the payload installed to improve performance.
If the operating temperature is very hot or cold, it may be required to do a gyro and accelerometer calibration to get best performance. In those cases, power on the aircraft and allow it to sit for 10 minutes in ambient conditions to allow the electronics to warm up, then do gyro and accel cal as directed by AMC. A warning about high accelerometer bias is an indication to do this.
after doing a full parameter reset, it is usually wise to recalibrate.
Use AMC to calibrate the sensors. See AMC docs for the GUI details.
While performing an Accelerometer Calibration, it is best to fold the arms of the Astro and set it down in each orientation. Accelerometer calibration may result in issues if done without placing the drone on a flat surface.
After recalibrating any sensor, make sure to restart Astro before flying. Some changes may not take effect until you reboot the drone.
In the event of magnetic interference preventing the aircraft from taking off, follow these pro-tips.
Astro is pre-tuned by Freefly, and can be flown without changes.
We recommend against changing low-level control parameters. Changes there could cause instability or control issues which could result in a crash.
Loading default parameters or known-good presets will allow you to quickly return Astro to a functional and safe state if there is ever uncertainty about changes to the tuning properties.
Changing low-level parameters requires activating AMC Advanced Mode. Then, navigate to Vehicle Setup > Parameters.
Region | 4G LTE Bands | Radio Spec Sheet |
North America | B2, B4, B5, B13, B17 |
EMEA/Australia | Cat-4: B1, B3, B7, B8, B20, B28 |
Carrier | APN |
T-mobile | iot.tmowholesale, fast.t-mobile.com |
Orange | orange.m2m.spec |
Verizon |
1. | Connect a USB cable from Astro's IO panel to a PC |
2. | Install one battery and power up Astro |
3. |
4. | Navigate to "Analyze" menu, select "Log Download" |
5. | Click "Refresh" to load the logs |
6. | Select desired files and click "Download" |
Battery cells out of balance | Leave on the charger (under supervision) for about 8 hours |
Cannot control gimbal |
Astro drifts up/down while hovering |
Cannot record video using the Sony a7R-IV, or "unable to write to card, check card speed" |
Transfer mission from PC to Herelink | Upload to Astro using PC, download from Astro using Herelink |
Can't connect laptop version of AMC to Astro |
Is there a compatible LiDAR sensor? | Yes! Several LiDAR payloads are available using our Smart Dovetail quick release or an adaptor: -Emesent Hovermap -GreenValley International X3C -YellowScan Mapper, Mapper +, and Ultra -Phoenix LiDAR Recon-A and Recon-XT -Inertial Labs RESEPI -ROCK Robotic R3PRO |
Is there a thermal sensor for Astro? |
Astro Base in case (no batteries) | 56 lbs / 25kg |
Astro Base (no batteries) | 3.23kg |
Astro Map (no batteries) | 4.72kg |
Pilot Pro Controller | 1920g |
Herelink Controller | 550g |
SL8 Battery (1) | 1030g |
Charger (1) | 800g |
Other Accessories | ~350g |
We just started shipping the Thermal Module for the LR1 Payload. This adds a radiometric 640x512 LWIR core to Astro!
More info can be found here, feature highlights include:
Spot temperature readout
Mix/max temperatures of region
Adjustable region size
Selectable Fahrenheit, Celsius, Kelvin
Media capture - Jpeg, Radiometric Tiff, both, video
Zoom - digital up to 8x
Digital Zoom:
1.0 to 4.0x digital zoom for live preview and saved images/videos. This can be controlled with the on screen buttons or the right hand rocker on pilot pro.
Tap to Focus:
A new mode under Auto Focus is exposed: Flexible Spot with size small, medium, or large.
This can be enabled/disabled by the tap icon next to the shutter button as well
Note: A7R4 tap to focus is much slower than LR1, limited by the camera's autofocus speed
Zoom function is now mapped to the right hand rocker (below R1 button) on Pilot Pro. This works for:
LR1 Payload
A7R4 Payload
Thermal Module for LR1
Wiris Pro Payload
LR1 Payload - Fixed an overheat condition on bootup
LR1 Payload - Fixed soft focus in infinity focus mode
A7R4 Payload - Removed incorrect 50mm infinity focus setting
AMC - Removed Structure Scan
AMC - LR1 and Thermal Module appear as EO/IR toggle when both connected
Distance Sensor Module - can now select between ft. and meters
Distance Sensor Module - displays +99m when max range is reached
Added support for up to 3 cameras on Astro
Currently, only video can be recorded on LR1 and one additional camera (ex: LR1 and Thermal) simultaneously. Wiris Pro is treated in the software as one camera
Ensure rotation direction is correct. Always replace propellers with a set intended to rotate in the same direction (clockwise or counter-clockwise). We suggest replacing one propeller assembly at a time to minimize potential for mix-ups, rather than removing all propellers at once.
Always replace both propeller blades as a set. They are a matched and balanced pair, with matching serial numbers. This is to reduce vibration.
Remove fasteners between the prop hub and the motors: (x4) M3x10 bolts.
Remove the old propeller assembly.
Fit the new propeller assembly.
Apply Loctite 243 or equivalent to all screws before installing. torque to 1.5 Newton meters.
Reinstall (x4) M3x8 bolts.
The correct direction of the propellers is shown below. Please note the arrow indicating the front of the Astro, which is easily identified by the cylindrical antenna.
Each blade of the propeller assembly should move freely with a small amount of resistance. It should not be difficult to fold the prop manually, and the force of gravity should be enough to pivot the blade at the bolt if the aircraft is rotated.
Select nano SIM card and carrier of your choice which falls in the RF Bands Astro supports.
AT&T and Verizon are recommended. T-Mobile has also been tested and proven functional.
Ensure Astro is powered down and flip it over so it is resting on its prop-protectors
Using a 1.5mm hex driver open the SIM access port and remove the rubber cover.
Insert your SIM card and ensure that it has latched into the SIM slot.
Reinstall the SIM card cover making sure that the cover seals out the SIM port fully. Then flip Astro back over so it is standing on its landing gear.
Note: Only North American SIM cards are currently supported by Astro.
Browse to http://suite.auterion.com and navigate to the 'Vehicles' page.
Under 'Vehicles' find the vehicle that matches the Astro's serial number.
Select your Vehicle, proceed to the Data tab, and then click “Associate SIM Card” .
Type in the SIM card number and select 'Associate'. Wait until the Suite refreshes and the SIM is associated with Astro
Turn on Astro and the Herelink controller.
Navigate to the Cellular setup menu under 'Vehicle Setup' on AMC.
Ensure that the screen resembles the one shown in the image.
If everything is greyed out, make sure the Astro has had time to fully connect to the Herelink and then try restarting the AMC app on the Herelink controller.
Check the box to enable a cellular connection and then enter in your SIM card's APN address.
Once both fields are completed hit 'Submit' and wait for the 'Connection to Modem' indicator to turn GREEN.
If there is an error in the APN or the SIM cannot reach service the modem connection may still indicate RED.
You only need to setup the SIM card once! The Cellular menu on AMC will reset on each power cycles and show a RED indicator but the settings will have been saved to the aircraft and data will flow when Astro is located in an area where there is cell service..
Customers have reported that these SIM cards have worked with Astro on the specified cell phone network. Please keep in mind that these claims have not been verified or tested by Freefly. For more information, see the LTE section of our Network and Connectivity page.
Astro is compatible with the following LTE bands: B2, B4, B5, B12, B13, B14, B25, B26, B66, B71
If you need to purchase spare or replacement parts, please go to store.freeflysystems.com to purchase our standard parts.
For any specific replacement needs or issues, please contact support@freeflysystems.com or submit a direct ticket with your request.
Use Of Thread locker
Bolts and screws used in the daily use of this aircraft do not require threadlocking compound. This includes the screws securing the vibration isolation system and the landing gear parts.
However, for the structural fasteners described in parts of this section, blue Loctite 243 compound or equivalent is required. Apply sparingly to the threads before insertion.
Fastener Installation
The Freefly hex drivers included with Astro are designed to limit the torque that can be applied to each bolt or screw and help prevent stripping the fastener head.
Thread all fasteners into their respective holes until snug (when the fastener head bottoms out and lightly clamps the two mating parts together).
To prevent excessive tightening and damaging the fastener or parts, twist the driver from the smaller diameter knurled section of the tool between your thumb and index finger for small fasteners (under size M3) or with your thumb and two forefingers for larger fasteners (size M3 and larger).
Maintenance information relating to Freefly's implementation of the Herelink into Astro.
While Herelink is a product available for purchase outside of Freefly, please keep in mind that the Astro implementation of Herelink is uniquely tailored for optimal performance and functionality. We don't recommend accessing any of the ports available on the Herelink Air Unit, as it may interfere with some of these optimizations or may even be disabled. The Herelink wiki can be helpful for some questions, but may not provide accurate information in the context of Astro. If you have any questions or concerns, don't hesitate to reach out to contact@freeflysystems.com or Contact Us through our website.
Only one Herelink can be paired with Astro at a time. If another remote is paired, it breaks the connection with the previous remote, even after the second remote has been powered off.
Prepare non-metallic tweezers or toothpick.
Remove the Herelink cover and seal.
Install one battery on Astro and activate.
Turn on the Herelink Pilot Handset.
Use your finger to pull down from the top of the screen and select the Herelink Radio Status message.
On the Herelink Radio page, tap “Pair”.
Using tweezers, press and hold the Herelink Air Unit "Pair/Reset" button until LED2 blinks (hold approximately 3 seconds).
Verify the Herelink Pilot Handset shows a status of "PAIRED" and the uplink rate is non-zero.
Open the AMC app on Herelink Pilot Handset and verify connection to the aircraft. Power off Astro and Herelink Pilot Handset.
Improper installation of this seal can allow water entry to the Herelink Air Unit, which has little internal water resistance. Failure of the Herelink Air Unit would result in a loss of radio link. Repair of this unit requires the entire Astro to be sent to Freefly.
Invert Astro. Remove 3x M2.5 x 5 BHCS and remove Herelink Cover with Seal from the Astro Chassis underside.
Install Rubber Grommet
2. Use 3x M2.5 x 5 BHCS to mount Herelink Cover to Astro Chassis underside. Apply Loctite 222 to fasteners. Torque to 0.2 newton meters (finger tight).
In December 2023, we have enhanced the app update process for Herelink controllers. Previously, updates were delivered via a full Android system over-the-air (OTA) update, which was time-consuming and required updating the entire system even for a single app. Now, with the Freefly Updater app, you can individually manage updates for each app. This app notifies you of available updates or new apps, allowing you to install the latest versions easily. The Freefly Updater also includes a page to view the status of all your Herelink apps, ensuring you're always up to date. (Please note that an internet connection is required to detect new app versions.)
Following is a one time process for switching to the Freefly Updater Workflow on Herelink.
Connect your Herelink to the internet through WiFi.
Swipe down from the top of the screen to pull down the Android quick menu.
If there are any updates available, you will see them here. Follow the instructions to get your software updated. Alternatively, go to Android Settings > About phone > System Updates.
After completing the OTA, note that Herelink will no longer have AMC (Auterion Mission Control) and Skyway apps installed.
Ensure your Herelink is connected to the internet.
Open the new Freefly Updater app, which can be found on your home/launch screen.
Once in the Freefly Updater app, either refresh the page or wait a few seconds for it to automatically check for the latest apps.
Select the apps you need to install (Auterion Mission Control and Skyway) and proceed to installing them both.
Use the refresh button at the top of the page to update the app status if necessary.
Step 3: Finalizing the Installation of Skyway and AMC
Setup Skyway
After installing Skyway, open the app at least once. This ensures it will automatically launch in future startups.
Remember, both AMC (Auterion Mission Control) and Skyway are necessary to connect to the drone.
Locate and Organize Apps
Following installation, you'll likely find the Freefly Updater app and AMC on the Android home screen. If not:
Access your app list by tapping the grid icon at the bottom right of the home screen.
Find the AMC app icon.
To add AMC and Skyway to your Favorites:
Tap and hold on the app icon.
Select "Add to Favorites" from the pop-up menu.
Repeat these steps for the Skyway app.
Enabling Automatic Launch for AMC:
If you wish for AMC to open automatically each time you turn on the controller:
Tap and hold the AMC app icon.
Choose "Enable Launch on Boot" from the pop-up menu.
Herelink controller is now ready for use.
Freefly supported add-on modules for the LR1 Payload
To add additional functionality in a small package, Freefly has worked to develop a Thermal Module and a Distance Sensor module that can be attached to the LR1 payload to supercharge your workflow
Have another module you want to see added? Reach out to us at support@freeflysystems.com
Astro + LR1 Payload is designed to fill the needs of enterprise mapping and inspection workflows.
Learn more about the Astro aircraft here.
The LR1 Payload consists of a Freefly gimbal with an integrated Sony ILX - LR1 camera. It is developed for use with Astro and other vehicles that use the Freefly Smart Dovetail and the Pixhawk Payload Bus standard.
Smart Dovetail is not hotswap compatible. To avoid damaging Astro or your payload, please power off the aircraft before attaching or removing a Smart Dovetail payload.
LR1 Payload is compatible with: - Astro firmware 1.6 and above. - AMC 1.28.10 and above
Add LWIR thermal imaging to your LR1 payload on Astro!
If you are adding multiple modules to the LR1 Payload at the same time, a combined counterweight is required, available here.
Ensure your Astro and controller are up to date! The Thermal Module is compatible with Astro firmware 1.7 and later
Switching between cameras views can be done by tapping the camera name, or by mapping 'Next Camera' to a button on the controller
Contrast - Auto, Custom
Color pallet selection - White hot, Black hot, Ironbow, Rainbow, Rainbow HC, Lava, Arctic, Glowbow, Graded Fire, Hottest
Zoom - digital up to 8x
Image capture - Jpeg, Radiometric Tiff, both
Spot temperature readout
Mix/max temperatures of region
Adjustable region size
Selectable Fahrenheit, Celsius, Kelvin
Togglable settings - Radiometric settings, Spot Metering, Isotherms
Auto and manual Flat-Field-Correction (FFC)
Geotagged photos
Currently, thermal mapping with the Thermal Module is not supported
#protip - Verify all Astro components have their software updated together to the latest by referencing the chart below to make sure there are no compatibility issues.
For instance, Astro software v1.6 is not fully compatible with the previous payload/gimbal firmware v1.6.
Component | Current Compatible Versions | How To Update |
---|---|---|
Please do not format Herelink to factory settings! All of Freefly's configurations to make Herelink work optimally with Astro out of the box will be lost. If you are experiencing issues with Herelink, please reach out to us at contact@freeflysystems.com for assistance.
Use the Freefly Updater app for managing app updates on your Herelink controllers. If the Freefly Updater app is not installed, follow . Ensure your controller is connected to the internet to install the latest apps and receive update notifications.
To update your apps, go through the following steps.
Connect your controller to the internet.
Open the Freefly Updater app.
Either refresh the Your Apps page or wait for it to auto-refresh.
This page will display a comprehensive list of all apps available for installation or update. Apps with the latest version will be marked as LATEST.
To update or install apps, simply tap on the desired app and follow the prompts to INSTALL or UPDATE, granting any necessary permissions.
Revisit this page anytime to confirm you have the latest versions of your apps.
This process is rendered obsolete for most customers by the Freefly Updater.
Connect your Herelink to the internet through WiFi.
Swipe down from the top of the screen to pull down the Android quick menu.
If there are any updates available, you will see them here. Follow the instructions to get your software updated. Alternatively, go to Android Settings > About phone > System Updates.
If you get a "Can't check for updates" message, go to Settings > Date & Time, and ensure the date is correct. If not, manually correct it before trying to update the software again. If you're still unable to update, check your internet connection using Chrome on the Herelink. Occasionally, wifi access points require you to agree to terms and conditions in your browser before an internet connection is fully established. 40% battery is required to update the Herelink firmware.
To find the Herelink firmware version, drag down from the top of the Herelink's touch screen and tap the settings gear in the top-right corner. Scroll all the way to the bottom of this menu and select About phone. On the next screen, look for the OEM build number.
If you change the lens or add/remove an external module to the gimbal, go through the following steps to make sure the gimbal is configured to work with the new setup.
To balance the gimbal, first remove the lens cap from the lens.
Loosen the two finger screws on either side of the payload.
Move the camera forward and backward within the gimbal to achieve the correct balance. In general, you'll want to move the camera back for heavier/longer lenses and forward for lighter/shorter lenses. Shift camera foward and backward in the gimbal until the camera does not tip up or down when it is positioned horizontally and released.
To ensure the camera is very well balanced, test pointing the camera ~30 deg up/down; a well-balanced camera will not move in either of these two positions.
Once you achieve a good balance, tighten the finger screws so your camera stays firmly in place.
Loose screws can result in poor stabilization
With the gimbal already connected, power on Astro
The gimbal may have weak motor power for up to 30s on bootup, before the gimbal is reconfigured by Astro with different tuning based on the lens.
If you are using different lens or have otherwise modified the payload such that the default tuning isn't working, see the advanced gimbal tuning section
If you are using one of the four supported lenses, you shouldn't need to do this
Add live distance readouts up to 100m away to your Astro!
If you are adding multiple modules to the LR1 Payload at the same time, a combined counterweight is required, available .
Install the Distance Sensor App on your Astro, which can be found . Version 1.0.1 is needed to work with the Distance Sensor Module
For NDAA/Blue Astros, you will need to enable Cloud Services before Astro will connect to the Auterion Suite for app download
Power on Astro and connect to a PC via a USB-C cable, then open 10.41.1.1 in a web browser. Under 'Settings', turn on the 'Cloud Services' toggle and reboot the aircraft.
To install the app:
Turn on Astro with LR1 and the Distance Sensor module. Once connected, in AMC > Settings > Enable 'Show Distance Sensor App Output'. The distance readout should now be displayed on the Fly screen in AMC
For NDAA/Blue versions of Astro, you will need to enable 'Mavlink USB-C Connectivity' for the distance sensor to work.
Power on Astro and connect to a PC via a USB-C cable, then open 10.41.1.1 in a web browser. Under 'Settings', turn on the 'Mavlink USB-C Connectivity' toggle and reboot the aircraft.
Live distance readout (in meters) in AMC at ~5Hz
Range up to 100m on objects with >70% reflectivity at +/-10cm
Below 10m, we have found the error to be within +/-4cm
When mounted, the front of the LRF is 44mm forward the LR1 sensor, which should be accounted for when sizing objects in frame based on the distance sensor data.
Distance sensor value saved in LR1 image metadata (in meters)
The Distance Sensor Module does not adjust the LR1 focus settings at this time
When power is on, the gimbal wakes in a low-tuning state. The gimbal polls Astro for the lens information about the camera. Then, the gimbal selects the correct tuning parameters for the installed lens. Most uses will not need to change the gimbal settings from this default.
Users can run Autotune or set custom tuning parameters using AMC.
First, the user must enter Advanced mode by quickly tapping on the triangle icon in the upper-left corner of AMC. Then, the user selects Advanced > Parameters. Scrolling down to the bottom of the parameter groups, the user will find Component 154. Tapping the group expands the gimbal parameters labeled GMBL.
GMBL_TUNE_% sets the autotune backoff percentage; 50 is a good starting point. The user starts Autotune by setting GMBL_TUNE_START to 0.
Stiffness, hold strength, and motor filters may be set as required.
Set GMBL_LENS_ON to turn off lens-based tuning.
Set GMBL_PRMS_SAVE to 1 to write parameters to memory.
Set GMBL_PRMS_RESET to 1 to default all gimbal parameters.
Set GMBL_PRMS_SAVE to 1 to write parameters to memory.
Reboot Astro.
The reset procedure restores lens-based tuning.
The LR1 Payload was primary designed for photography applications (mapping, inspection, scenic photography), but can shoot video as well.
The camera is capable of shooting up to 4K, 60 fps footage in 8 bit or 10 bit, with normal and Slog profiles
A V90 Class SD card is needed for some recording modes. The LR1 Payload ships with a V60 Class SD card which is fast enough for 4K30 fps 8 bit footage.
The External USB drive isn't fast enough to record high quality video, so videos will save the camera's SD card.
You can switch between taking images and video footage using this button in Photo Mode:
The Sony ILX-LR1 can get very hot when recording video, especially high frame rate and high bitrate footage. If the camera gets too hot, it will shutdown!
We recommend flying in 'Slow mode' for smooth/precise yawing motions with the gimbal. Setting the vertical/horizontal speeds to max is speeds as Position mode, but allows precise control over the yaw rate of the aircraft. This is particularly useful for longer lenses
We have been getting good video results with the Sigma 24mm, Sony 35mm lenses, and Sony 50mm. The Samyang 75mm can sometimes have issues with stability during acceleration and deceleration.
If you are seeing any vibrations in the footage, check:
You are using the right vibration isolator
The gimbal is balanced properly
Setup the LR1 Payload to fit your mission
By default, the LR1 Payload comes balanced and tuned with the Sigma 24mm F3.5 lens, which covers most mapping applications. However, the gimbal can be re-configured with other lenses and external modules for other use cases!
Make sure to balance the gimbal after changing lenses! See the section below
Focal Length (mm) | Model | Weight (g) | Compatability |
---|
The LR1 Payload currently supports two external modules from Freefly:
If you would like to integrate your own module, check out this section below:
Get your payload up and running here!
The LR1 Payload is a next generation high resolution payload using the Sony ILX-LR1 camera, integrated into a Freefly mini gimbal.
The 61 megapixel image resolution is ideal for mapping and inspections, and the gimbal provides expansion ports for other sensors, allowing the payload to work for a wide range of use-cases. It ships with a 24 mm lens, and are supported.
LR1 Payload is compatible with: - Astro firmware 1.6.12 and above
-Gimbal firmware 2.0.2 and above - AMC 1.30.9 and above
see:
Open and
Change the
Yes, see the Freefly Wiris Pro payload in our .
You may get a warning that data is not yet available, this may happen if the SIM has just been activated or no data has been transmitted to the Suite via LTE.
You can find the APN by inserting the SIM into your cellphone and checking the APN address under the Cellular or Carrier Network Settings. If the APN is not listed in your phone settings you may need to contact the service provider for the address.
SIM Card | Location |
---|---|
Component | Current Compatible Versions |
---|---|
If you have issues tuning your gimbal, reach out to and we can help!
T-Mobile
United States
TELUS
Canada
Astro
Software
1.5.18
SL8 Battery
1.10 or 1.9
Pilot Pro
Firmware
1.1.4
App
1.1.11
AMC App
1.26.15
Herelink GCS (Legacy)
OEM
FFARU01231123
AMC App
1.26.15
Payloads
A7R4
1.6.2
Wiris Pro
1.6.2
Hovermap
Sentera
Major changes and improvements from A7R4 Payload to the LR1 Payload:
Decreased weight and increased flight times!
At 2cm GSD, Astro + A7R4 can cover 220 acres, Astro + LR1 can cover about 250 acres.
We are seeing an increase of 3-5 minutes of flight time
Easier lens swaps/adjustment
Better/faster autofocus
Expansion ports for addition cameras and sensors
Improved gimbal stabilization
Improved video quality, video setting controls, color profiles, and frame rates
Fold-flat design for better storage/travel
1
Loosen the thumbscrews and slide the LR1 all the way back. This will make it easier to plug in the cable
2
Mount the counterweight to the bottom of the LR1 using the M3 x 5 FHCS screws and a 2.0mm hex driver
3
Mount the Thermal Module to the top of the LR1 using the M3 x 10 SHCS screws and a 2.5mm hex driver. Ensure the module is snug against the camera. Do not pinch the cable.
4
Plug the cable into the expansion port. Gently push the cable into the cable guide hook.
5
Balance the tilt axis of the gimbal by shifting the payload forward and back, then tighten the thumbscrews. Torque the screws up to 0.3Nm to prevent the adjustment from slipping.
Astro
Software
1.7.2
SL8 Battery
2.1, 1.10, or 1.9
Pilot Pro
Firmware
1.2.2 / 1.3.1 (depending on tablet variant)
Update through the Pilot Pro App
App
1.2.13 and 1.3.2 (depending on tablet variant)
Check the "updates" section in Updater app
AMC App
1.32.7
Check the "updates" section in Updater app
Herelink GCS (Legacy)
OEM
FFARU01231123
AMC App
1.32.7
Check the updates section in the Updater app
Payloads
LR1
2.0.2
A7R4
1.7.2
Wiris Pro
1.7.2
Hovermap
1.3.2
Sentera 6X and 65R
3.9.2
1 | Loosen the thumbscrews and slide the LR1 all the way back. This will make it easier to plug in the cable |
2 | Mount the counterweight to the bottom of the LR1 using the flathead screws and a 2.0mm hex driver |
3 | Mount the Distance Sensor Module to the side of the LR1 using the button head screw. Then attach the socket head screw to the top of the camera. Ensure the module is snug against the camera and do not pinch the cable. |
4 | Plug the cable into the expansion port. You may need to temporarily unplug the LR1 cable to run the distance sensor cable behind it |
5 | Balance the tilt axis of the gimbal by shifting the payload forward and back, then tighten the thumbscrews |
1 |
2 | Click on your Astro in the Suite |
3 | Under Software, install the 'Precise Distance LRF' app |
This page describes the OGI settings.
Brightness: Adjusts the brightness of the images. Higher values result in a lighter image.
Min: 0 Max: 255 Default: 128
Contrast: Adjusts image contrast. Higher values result in more contrast.
Min: 0 Max: 255 Default: 128
Sharpen: Adjusts the edge sharpening filter to bring out edges within an image. Higher values increase the sharpening effect.
Min: 0 Max: 15 Default: 0
Denoise: This averages the image over time with image-to-image registration to dampen possible disruptive visual effects such as heat shimmer, scintillation, and turbulence.
Min: 0 Max: 255 Default: 0
AGC ROI: Adjusts the region of interest (ROI) when performing automatic gain corrections. This percentage controls the percentage of the frame used for AGC. The default performs AGC on the entire frame.
Min: 0 Max: 100 Default: 100
Manual AGC: This option freezes the current AGC settings.
Options:
On
Off
Default: Off
Gas Detection: This setting controls gas enhancement mode (GEM), which enhances and colorizes gas detectable by the OGI sensor.
Options:
On
Off
Default: Off
Stabilization Mode: Enables digital stabilization.
Options:
On
Off
Default: Off
Enhancement Mode: Two different contrast enhancement modes are available: CLAHE and LAP. Once an enhancement mode is selected, additional settings can be configured to configure it. Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) brings out hard-to-see (low contrast) features in the video, including those with brighter and darker areas.
Local Area Processing (LAP) brings out hard-to-see (low-contrast) features. LAP emphasizes differences from the local image average to provide an increased amount of detail in low-contrast areas of a video or image. The algorithm makes details visible in underexposed or overexposed portions of the image.
Strength:
In CLAHE, the Strength parameter controls the contrast limit. A larger value allows the algorithm to map a larger contrast but can also tend to bring out more noise.
In LAP, the Strength parameter controls the kernel size used in the processing. A larger value provides more enhancement. Values are between 0 (minimal enhancement) and 18 (maximum enhancement). For LAP mode, there are no additional enhancement benefits after 18.
Min: 0 Max: 128 Default: 0
Alpha Blend: This allows mixing (alpha blending) the output of the enhancement algorithm with the input to the Enhance Stage. This allows a user to soften the effects of the contrast enhancement stage. Higher values blend more of the enhanced image, while lower values use less of it.
Min: 0 Max: 1.0 Default: 0.8
NUC Table: The OGI has two NUC tables that provide optimum performance for different scene temperature ranges. You may switch between them anytime using the NUC Table radio buttons in WIND Viewer. A shorter integration time is recommended in the overlapping range of 25°C – 40°C (where either table is applicable).
Options:
Table 0
Table 1
Default: Table 1
FFC: The Ventus OGI offers a 1-point FFC (flat field offset correction) using an internal shutter and two 2-point NUC (gain) tables. An FFC should be performed to remove spatial noise and non-uniformities, which may develop as the camera and optics reach a stable operating temperature. Select Run to execute an FFC.
Color Palette: Various false-color palettes may be applied to the video.
Options:
Default: None
24 (ships with) | 228 | Supported |
35 | 165 | Supported |
50 | 187 | Supported |
75 | 230 | Supported |
The A7R4 Payload is a fully integrated camera and gimbal system for enterprise mapping workflows.
Learn more about the Astro aircraft here.
The A7R4 Payload consists of a Freefly gimbal with an integrated Sony A7R4 camera. It is developed for use with Astro and other vehicles that use the Freefly Smart Dovetail and the Pixhawk Payload Bus standard.
If you purchased the A7R4 Payload by itself make sure to keep the foam it came in. This foam should be transferred to Astro's case so it can continue to protect the mapping payload when it is stored in the case.
If you purchased an Astro Map then your case already has the gimbal foam installed!
The foam we designed is the safest way to pack and ship your mapping payload. However, it can be cumbersome to figure out how to attach it for the first time. Here is a #protip video showing you how we do it.
Smart Dovetail is not hotswap compatible. To avoid damaging Astro or your sensor, please power off the aircraft before attaching or removing a Smart Dovetail payload.
Camera Settings
AMC provides control of these settings in flight by pressing the icon on the right of the screen while in Photo Mode:
AMC will override these camera body settings:
Shooting Mode dial, if set to P.
Exposure Compensation dial, if set to 0.
Other camera body controls and menu options will be honored. For example:
Focus Mode (e.g. wide, zone).
Exposure Metering Mode (e.g. spot).
Exposure Compensation dial, if set to non-0 value.
make sure the camera sd card is plugged into the first slot of the camera
make sure the usb is plugged into astro
Turn on both the astro and herelink, and on AMC navigate to "FLY" screen on AMC
now, click on the menu/filter icon, right below the shutter icon
scroll all the way to the boot - where it says "image storage"
in that drop-down, select "both"
now you can click photo via AMC or herelink
remove both usb and sd card from camera, and you should see the photos you clicked
Note: the time stamp on camera photos = time set in the camera
Astro remembers the settings that you can change within the AMC software. Next time you power on the system and when the camera establishes a connection with Astro, Astro will set these settings.
If a setting is not exposed in the app, we are most likely not overriding this setting. In order for these settings to be changed and saved even if the unit is powered off, follow the below procedure:
Using the wheel on the controller, tilt the gimbal/camera down at an angle so it's easier to access the buttons on the camera.
Using the menu or “fn” buttons on the camera, change the desired settings.
Turn the camera power off by using the rotary switch on top of the camera.
Wait 10 seconds. The camera takes a while to save settings to its own memory.
Power the camera back on. Confirm that the settings that you changed have persisted.
A7R-IV payload is primarily intended for photos, but with some minor modifications it can be used to record video.
Astro Max (large motor variant of Astro) generally does not produce good video when flying the A7R4 Payload due to increased vibrations in flight
Data transfer to USB-C is not fast enough to record video at the Sony A7R-IV’s fidelity. As such, video needs to be recorded to the Sony A7R-IV's internal memory card. You will need to purchase a faster SD card in order to record at full quality. We have tested this Lexar Professional SD card, but any full-sized UHS-II SD card should work. You will also need to change the location to which the camera saves videos and images. Press the icon on the right of the screen while in Photo Mode, and change the Image Storage dropdown to Camera.
Once these settings are changed, you can switch between taking images and video footage using this button in Photo Mode:
Note: Normal usage should not require this process. Reset the camera settings only if the Freefly factory settings have been changed or you are having issues with your Mapping Payload and Freefly customer support has instructed this process.
The USB-C connector needs to be disconnected from the left side of the camera to reset the camera settings in Menu > Setup7 > Setting Reset > Camera Settings Reset. Use a thin driver to unplug and connect the USB-C, as it helps with the lack of clearance afforded by the gimbal.
Note! The camera will not save settings unless you turn off the camera using the switch on the camera and wait 45 seconds for the settings to save before removing power to the gimbal (turning Astro off or removing the gimbal from Astro).
Here's an example video of the camera settings being changed (switching from JPEG to RAW, in this case).
Note! The camera will not save settings unless you turn off the camera using the switch on the camera and wait 45 seconds for the settings to save before removing power to the gimbal (turning Astro off or removing the gimbal from Astro).
Connector: JST GH 4-Pin
The two 4-pin GH connectors are expansion ports for adding thermal cameras, wide cameras, laser range finders, and other custom modules. They are both USB 2.0 connections. Connector: JST GH 3-pin
The 3-pin GH connector provides 5v and 12v power out.
Warning - do not short 12V or 5V to ground or each other. This will cause permanent damage to the LR1 Payload!
Adding additional payloads will require a rebalance and autotuning tuning.
M3 holes on the camera can be used to mount small weights to balance the payload when using an external module.
Put Astro Map to work!
The Freefly Mapping Payload is Sony's 61-megapixel Alpha 7R IVA camera integrated with a Freefly gimbal. It ships with a 24 mm lens, and several other lenses are supported.
The payload is optimized for photogrammetry. It also supports inspection and scenic photography.
Learn more about the Astro aircraft here:
The Ventus OGI Payload comprises a Freefly gimbal and an integrated Sierra-Olympia Ventus OGI camera core. It was developed for Astro and other vehicles compatible with the Freefly Smart Dovetail and the Pixhawk Payload Bus standard. More information about how to interface this payload with another aircraft is available here:
The Ventus OGI Payload is only supported in Astro firmware version 1.9.1 or later.
Use the Astro Isolator, not the Mapping Isolator. Check out the isolator section for more info.
Performance
The LR1 Payload's high pixel count allows you to cover a large amount of area quickly at low resolution, or collect very high-resolution imagery at lower altitudes. Approximate GSD, coverage per flight, and expected altitude are listed below for reference. This is based on a 70% forward and 65% side overlap, single pass (no crosshatch).
GSD (cm) | Coverage (acres per flight, single pass) | Speed (m/s) | Altitude (m) |
---|---|---|---|
A single Astro flight with the LR1 Payload is typically 25-29 minutes. The exact time depends on the survey area's geometry, the number of turns required, and the flight speed, as well as environmental factors such as wind speed and direction. Note that the time presented in AMC is an estimate, and not adding return or transit waypoints may affect its calculation. A good rule of thumb is to aim for an AMC-calculated flight duration of <23 minutes. This should allow the flight to complete and return before hitting the battery reserve.
Sony ILX-LR1
Parameter | Value |
---|---|
Astro's maximum payload weight is 1500 grams.
Parameter | Weight (g) |
---|---|
The LR1 Payload is not IP ingress rated, as the ILX-LR1 camera itself is not IP rated. We do not recommend flying in rain or very dusty enviroments.
These are the lenses we have tested with, but other lenses and additional modules can work as well. Learn more about configuring the gimbal here:
Lens selection in AMC only matters for mission planning calculations (overlap, photo trigger, etc) and for infinity focus to work properly.
If you plan a mission with a non-standard lens, make sure that the correct lens is selected in the Survey section of the Plan screen. If your lens isn't on the dropdown, you can enter the details manually by selecting Custom Camera instead of a specific lens.
When changing lenses, select your lens from the Focal Length dropdown in Camera Settings found in the camera settings.
The A7R4 Payload's high pixel count allows you to cover a large amount of area quickly at low resolution, or collect very high-resolution imagery at lower altitudes. Approximate GSD, coverage per flight, and expected altitude are listed below for reference. This is based on a 70% forward and 65% side overlap, single pass (no crosshatch).
GSD (cm) | Coverage (acres per flight, single pass) | Speed (m/s) | Altitude (m) |
---|---|---|---|
A single Astro flight with the A7R4 Payload is typically 25 minutes. The exact time depends on the survey area's geometry, the number of turns required, and the flight speed, as well as environmental factors such as wind speed and direction. Note that the time presented in AMC is an estimate, and not adding return or transit waypoints may affect its calculation. A good rule of thumb is to aim for an AMC-calculated flight duration of 22-23 minutes. This should allow the flight to complete and return before hitting the battery reserve.
Sony A7RIV-A
Parameter | Value |
---|---|
Astro's maximum payload weight is 1500 grams.
Parameter | Weight (g) |
---|---|
Lens selection in AMC only matters for mission planning calculations (overlap, photo trigger, etc) and for infinity focus to work properly.
If you plan a mission with a non-standard lens, make sure that the correct lens is selected in the Survey section of the Plan screen. If your lens isn't on the dropdown, you can enter the details manually by selecting Custom Camera instead of a specific lens.
When changing lenses, select your lens from the Focal Length dropdown in Camera Settings found in the camera settings.
If your lens isn't on the dropdown, pick any lens from that menu and use auto-focus.
Loosen both fasteners in the camera hotshoe as well as the ¼-20 fastener with the washer so the camera is free to slide forward/backward.
Hold the gimbal by its Pan/Roll arms and ensure the tilt motor can spin freely.
Shift camera forward/backward in its slot until the camera does not tip up or down when it is positioned horizontally and released.
To ensure the camera is very well balanced, test pointing the camera ~30 deg up/down; a well balanced camera will also not move in either of these two positions.
Once the camera balance is correct, tighten the ¼-20 fastener as well as the two fasteners on the hotshoe.
Ensure the lens cap is removed while balancing the payload!
We recommend clearing out extra photos from your USB drive to reduce the time to sync the USB drive files with the gallery after the drive is first plugged in.
Astro's flight path is displayed with a red line on the map in AMC, which can help you see the area the aircraft has already covered.
Live video from the aircraft to the Auterion Suite is possible with a strong LTE connection. Additional information on setting up LTE on Astro is here:
DIU Blue Astros come with stealth logging enabled, which stops GPS data from being written to imagery and logs. Stealth logging must be disabled to allow GPS data to be written to photos.
The Ventus OGI camera provides a 640x480 infrared image with a 1-8x digital zoom. When approaching an object of interest, we recommend keeping the aircraft a safe distance away and zooming in as much as needed to see the detail level required for inspections.
When using Slow Speed Mode, camera tilt and pan are scaled with the zoom rate, so the control inputs become less sensitive the more zoomed the camera is.
Be careful not to become disoriented when flying with the camera zoomed in. We recommend resetting the camera zoom to 1x before flying to a new inspection location.
The OGI Payload is supported in Astro firmware version 1.9.1 or later. Update your Astro!
Make sure to update the Pilot Pro controller to the latest version, too!
When powered on, the Ventus OGI may take about 10 minutes to cool down and calibrate. If you power off for only a short time, the calibration time is reduced. You do not have to wait for the cooldown to be completed before taking the flight.
Slow speed mode makes the gimbal easier to control when zooming in.
Be careful not to become disoriented when flying with the camera zoomed in. We recommend resetting the camera zoom to 1x before flying to a new inspection location.
Do not hot-swap or plug in the gimbal when the aircraft is powered on. This can damage the aircraft or gimbal.
Make sure you are using the correct vibration isolator
More details can be found in the isolator section
You can invert the gimbal tilt control under the camera settings
A single flight with Astro carrying the OGI Payload is typically ~25 minutes. Note that the time presented in AMC is an estimate. The exact time depends on several factors, such as temperature, air density, wind speed, direction, and the aircraft's flight profile.
To extend flight times while focusing on a fixed area of interest, consider having Astro orbit around the area. In our testing, Astro is most efficient when orbiting at 7 m/s rather than hovering. The orbit flight mode can be found by clicking on the map while on the ‘Fly’ screen, then clicking the orbit icon:
A full list of the Ventus OGI specifications can be found on Sierra Olympia’s website:
This page describes on to toggle GEM with a Pilot Pro button.
Gas Enhancement Mode (GEM) On/Off may be mapped to a Pilot Pro button for easy GEM toggling. Follow the instructions below to configure your Pilot Pro.
Open AMC.
To access the Controller settings menu, tap the Auterion logo at the upper left of AMC and then tap Controller.
Switch to the Joystick settings and pick Next Custom Action Camera 1 for the button you want to use. In the screenshots below, the button R2 on the right-hand Pilot Pro grip is used. The Joystick screen will show button presses to show Pilot Pro button mapping to AMC buttons 0-14. Press any button on Pilot Pro to illuminate the corresponding AMC button number.
GEM mode may now be toggled on/off by pressing the assigned button.
NUC Table | Temperature Range | Integration Time |
---|
Parameter | Value |
---|---|
Focal Length (mm) | Model | Weight (g) | Compatability |
---|---|---|---|
Parameter | Value |
---|---|
Focal Length (mm) | Model | Weight (g) | Compatability |
---|---|---|---|
Learn about it under the section
0.5
62
4.75
31
1
98
9.5
63
1.9 (capped by 400ft altitude)
240
15
121
Sensor Size (pixels)
9504 x 6336
Sensor Size (mm)
35.7 x 23.9
Pixel Size (μm)
3.76
Smart Dovetail mount
95
Weight with default lens (Sigma 24mm)
970
Weight with default lens and mount
1065
Remaining weight for accessories
435
Minimum gimbal angle
-90° (straight down)
Maximum gimbal angle
+30°
24 (ships with)
228
Supported
35
165
Supported
50
187
Supported
75
230
Supported
0.5
62
4.75
31
1
98
9.5
63
1.9 (capped by 400ft altitude)
220
12
121
Sensor Size (pixels)
9504 x 6336
Sensor Size (mm)
35.7 x 23.9
Pixel Size (μm)
3.76
Smart Dovetail mount
106
Weight with no lens
1162
Weight with default lens
1390
Weight with default lens and mount
1496
Minimum gimbal angle
-90° (straight down)
Maximum gimbal angle
+30°
24 (ships with)
228
Supported
35
165
Supported
50
187
Supported
0 | 10 - 40 °C | 20 ms |
1 | 25 - 55 °C | 10 ms |
Weight (g) | Astro's maximum payload weight is 1500 grams. Ventus OGI Payload (including gimbal) is ~1,350g |
Dimensions (mm) | When upright and forward facing, the Ventus OGI Payload alone has the maximum outer dimensions as follows: 170x 209 x 179 (WxLxH) |
Ingress Protection | None |
Mount | Smart Dovetail |
Operation Temperature | -20C to +50C |
Camera Modes | Photos at 640x480, Video at 640x480 30 FPS |
File Formats | JPEG and MPEG-TS |
Sensor Resolution (pixels) | 640px x 512px, 15 micron pitch |
Lens Field of View (degrees) | Ventus OGI Payload ships with a 25mm lens, approximately 21.7 degrees HFOV. |
Wiris Pro Payload Hardware Overview
Learn more about the Astro aircraft here:
The Wiris Pro Payload consists of a Freefly gimbal and an integrated Wiris Pro camera. It is developed for use with Astro and other vehicles that are compatible with the Freefly Smart Dovetail and the Pixhawk Payload Bus standard. More information about how to interface this payload with another aircraft is available here:
The Wiris Pro Payload is supported in Astro firmware version 1.3.2 or later
Make sure to update the Herelink controller to the latest version too!
We offer an option foam insert for the Astro hard case. It replaces the insert for the Mapping Payload, so you can store Astro with the Wiris Pro payload installed
Start by removing the Mapping Payload insert. There is a velcro strip on the bottom of the foam
Insert the Wiris Pro payload bottom foam. Note the orientation
Install the upper piece of the foam around the gimbal from the front of Astro
Images and videos can be previewed in the gallery in AMC during or after a flight.
Images from the camera are saved as JPEGs and opened in most photo software. Video is saved in MPEG-TS format with embedded KLV data.
All media is saved to the USB drive on Astro. To download photos and videos from the USB drive, remove it from Astro and insert it into a computer. Files are organized by flight in time-stamped folders.
The Wiris Pro Payload is supported in Astro firmware version 1.3.2 or later. Update your astro!
Make sure to update AMC to the latest version too!
Slow speed mode makes the gimbal easier to precisely control when zooming in.
Learn about it under the Precise Gimbal Control section
If you want images to be geotagged, insert a USB thumbdrive in Astro and set the image storage mode to 'External USB'
Be careful not to become disoriented when flying with the camera zoomed in. We recommend resetting the camera zoom to 1x before flying to a new inspection location.
Do not hotswap or plug in the gimbal when the aircraft is powered on. This can damage the aircraft or gimbal
Make sure you are using the correct vibration isolator
More details can be found in the isolator section
The Wiris Pro takes about 3 minutes to fully calibrate the thermal sensor. You can still use the camera right after boot, but temperature readings may be slightly off
Make sure to eject the Wiris drive from you computer before unplugging the cable. Power cycle the aircraft and gimbal before capturing any additional video or photos.
The video feed may stop after disconnecting from a PC. This is normal, the video will resume after a reboot of the aircraft
Do NOT format the SSD of the Wiris Pro when connected to a PC. This can brick the camera and will require it being sent back for repair.
Check out the Formatting Media section for more info
Occasionally, we have observed that the Wiris Pro gets 'stuck' during bootup. If you are having trouble getting connecting to the camera, check status light on the back of the camera. If the camera has flashing red/blue lights or a solid red light, this is likely the case. In our testing, rebooting the aircraft resolves this issue.
This can happen if the thermal exposure is set very far off from what the camera is looking at.
Set the thermal exposure mode to auto or adjust your exposure temperature in the camera settings menu
You can invert the gimbal tilt control under camera settings
Click the link below to download sample images in all possible formats.
When images are saved to the USB drive, they are geotagged with the GPS lat. and long. Gimbal attitude is visible in the gallery, but is not currently included in the image meta data.
These are viewable in the gallery or in the metadata of the image on a PC
Images can be previewed in the gallery in AMC during or after a flight.
Images from the EO camera can be saved in JPEG or TIFF format, and can be opened in most photo software. EO Video is saved as an MP4 file, IR video as a .AVI file.
Images from the IR camera can be saved as a Radiometric JPEG or TIFF. Video can be saved as Thermal Encoded or as Radiometric video. Workswell ThermoLab software is required to view thermal video shot in Radiometric mode, and can be downloaded here:
To download photos from the USB drive, remove it from Astro and insert it into a computer. Then, move the files off
Do NOT format the SSD of the Wiris Pro when connected to a PC. This can brick the camera and will require it being sent back for repair.
To remove media stored on the SSD, first power the Wiris Pro Payload on the aircraft. Then connect a cable to the micro-USB port on the side of the Wiris Pro. The drive should appear on a computer as ‘Wiris SSD’, with the files organized in folders by date.
Drag the selected media off the Wiris SSD folder on to your computer.
Right-click and 'Eject' the Wiris drive, then power off the drone and gimbal
Make sure to eject the Wiris drive from you computer before unplugging the cable. Power cycle the aircraft and gimbal before capturing any additional video or photos.
The video feed may stop after disconnecting from a PC. This is normal, the video will resume after a reboot of the aircraft
Do NOT format the SSD of the Wiris Pro when connected to a PC. This can brick the camera and will require it being sent back for repair.The formatting option for the SSD of the Wiris Pro can be found in the camera settings under Advanced SSD Options - Format SSD
While Astro can fly in the rain, the Wiris Pro camera does not offer any ingress protection, so we do not recommend flying in any precipitation.
In cold temperatures:
We recommend allowing 3-5 minutes of warm-up time after powering on. This allows the IR sensor inside the Wiris Pro to reach a steady operating temperature for the most accurate temperature measurements. During the warmup time, the gimbal and camera will still work as normal, however the temperature data from the IR sensor may be less accurate.
Make sure your Astro batteries don't get too cold. More info can be found in this section of the wiki.
The Wiris Pro Payload matches Astro's operational temperature range of -20C to +50C
Check that the Wiris Pro Payload is secured in the Smart Dovetail mount and that the safety latch is closed.
When you’re ready to fly, perform the standard preflight checks for Astro (found below).
You shouldn't need to update the Wiris Pro firmware. If you are advised by Freefly support to do so, here is the process:
You will need:
USB keyboard
Micro HDMI to HDMI cable
HDMI Monitor
We know this isn't an ideal method of updating the camera. If you don't have an HDMI monitor/keyboard and would prefer to have the Wiris updated at Freefly, we will happily update it for you. Just reach out to support@freeflysystems.com
First remove the micro SD card from the side of the Wiris Pro and insert it into a computer.
We do not recommend updating the camera firmware unless advised by Freefly Support. We have extensively testing on this version of software and updating the camera may cause issues.
Download the firmware. The file format is .tar so you may need to enable downloading this format in your web browser. The latest supported version of Wiris Pro firmware is 1.6.42
Place the firmware file on the micro SD card, then re-insert it into the Wiris Pro.
Remove the ethernet cable from the back of the Wiris Pro.
Attach the gimbal to the aircraft; power on the aircraft and gimbal.
Tilt the gimbal about 45 degrees down to allow access to the cable ports.
Use the Herelink tilt wheel to tilt the gimbal
Attach a mini-HDMI to HDMI cable to Wiris. Attach the HDMI end of the cable to a monitor.
Attach a USB-A keyboard to the USB-A port.
Watch the output on the monitor. Using the arrow keys and enter keys on the keyboard, navigate through the Workswell menu:
Press Enter to exit Ethernet mode.
Press the right arrow to expand.
Use the down arrow to go to Advanced Mode.
Use the right arrow to expand.
Press the down arrow to go to Memory.
Press the right arrow to select and then click Enter on Update.
Ensure that the UI detects the correct firmware version to upgrade to and press Enter on Confirm.
Do not power off Astro or Wiris Pro until the update is complete.
Once the update is complete, power off Astro/Wiris Pro.
Remove the USB and HDMI cables.
Be sure to reinstall the ethernet cable from the gimbal in the back of the Wiris Pro.
Do NOT format the SSD of the Wiris Pro when connected to a PC. This can brick the camera and will require it being sent back for repair.
To remove media stored on the SSD, first power the Wiris Pro Payload on the aircraft. Then connect a cable to the micro-USB port on the side of the Wiris Pro. The drive should appear on a computer as ‘Wiris SSD’, with the files organized in folders by date.
Drag the selected media off the Wiris SSD folder on to your computer.
Right-click and 'Eject' the Wiris drive, then power off the drone and gimbal
Make sure to eject the Wiris drive from your computer before unplugging the cable — power cycle the aircraft and gimbal before capturing any additional video or photos.
The video feed may stop after disconnecting from a PC. This is normal, the video will resume after a reboot of the aircraft
Do NOT format the SSD of the Wiris Pro when connected to a PC. This can brick the camera and will require it being sent back for repair.
The formatting option for the SSD of the Wiris Pro can be found in the camera settings under Advanced SSD Options - Format SSD
The will restart the connection to the Wiris Pro and takes about 30-60s to complete. It is normal for video to briefly stop working as the connection is re-established
To have the images geotagged with the location of the aircraft, attach a USB thumb drive to Astro’s USB-C port and select ‘USB storage’ in the image storage options.
We recommend clearing out extra photos from your USB drive to reduce the time it takes Astro to sync the USB drive files with the gallery when first plugged in
The flight path of Astro is displayed with a red line on the map in AMC, which can be useful for looking at the area the aircraft has already covered
Setting an isotherm to show colors between a specified temperature range can help with identifying areas of interest quicker
Streaming live video from the aircraft to the Auterion Suite is possible with a strong LTE connection. Additional information on setting up LTE on Astro is here:
DIU Blue Astros come with stealth logging enabled, which stops GPS data from being written to imagery and logs. to allow GPS data to be written to photos
The Wiris Pro EO camera provides 1920x1080 images and 1280x720 video from a 1-10x zoom lens. When approaching an object of interest, we recommend keeping the aircraft a safe distance away and zooming in as much as needed to see the detail level required for inspections.
When using Slow Speed Mode, camera tilt and pan are scaled with the zoom rate, so the control inputs become less sensitive the more zoomed the camera is.
Be careful not to become disoriented when flying with the camera zoomed in. We recommend resetting the camera zoom to 1x before flying to a new inspection location.
The Wiris Pro Payload currently does not support mapping missions.
Numbers are maximums from a forward-facing and horizon-leveled position.
A single flight with Astro carrying the Wiris Pro Payload is typically 25-30 minutes. Note that the time presented in AMC is an estimate. The exact time depends on a number of factors such as temperature, air density, wind speed, and direction, as well as the flight profile of the aircraft.
To extend flight times while focusing on a fixed area of interest, consider having Astro orbit around the area. In our testing, Astro is most efficient when orbiting at 7 m/s, rather than hovering. The orbit flight mode can be found by clicking on the map while on the ‘Fly’ screen, then clicking the orbit icon:
A full list of Wiris Pro specifications can be found on Workswell’s website:
Use the Wiris Pro gimbal to perform an EO/IR inspection
Read the section of the Wiris Pro Operating Handbook before arriving at your flight location to minimize downtime and come prepared for the job!
DIU Blue Astros come with stealth logging enabled, which stops GPS data from being written to imagery and logs. to allow GPS data to be written to photos
After installing the Wiris Pro Payload in the dovetail mount on Astro, power on the aircraft. Powering on the aircraft automatically powers on the gimbal and camera. It typically takes about 1 minute for the camera controls and video feed to appear in AMC.
Occasionally, we have observed that the Wiris Pro gets 'stuck' during bootup. If you are having trouble connecting to the camera, check the status light on the back of the camera. If the camera has flashing red/blue lights or a solid red light, this is likely the case. In our testing, rebooting the aircraft resolves this issue.
In AMC, select your media storage option. You can save to the internal Wiris SSD, a USB flash drive installed in the USB-C port on the Astro IO panel (on the bottom of the aircraft), or both.
The USB flash drive storage option is not fast enough to support video recording. Video can only be recorded to the SSD.
Select different image/video capture options to save photos and videos from the EO camera, IR camera, or both.
You can configure the thermal camera using the following settings in the Auterion Mission Control (AMC) app for Astro.
IR Pallet - How temperatures are mapped to a color.
Exposure Settings - these adjust the range of temperature values that can be measured, similar to shutter speed and dynamic range on a traditional camera.
Manual, incremental adjustments
Custom, specifying the min and max temperature
Auto
Isotherm Modes
Isotherm ‘Alarm’ modes can be set to show a solid color when objects in the frame are within a temperature range. The options are Off, Below, Between, Outside, and Above.
We recommend using a grey IR pallet when using Isotherms for better clarity
Spot metering on the IR camera is currently not supported
Video/Photo Settings
Video can be saved in two methods:
Thermal encoded - this outputs a 512x640px 30 frames per second .avi file that can natively be played in most video software. The IR pallet (color map) is baked into the image and cannot be changed later. Similarly, the temperature information of each pixel is not recorded. We recommend this mode when qualitative data is the most useful, such as looking for hotspots or searching for animals and people.
Radiometric - this outputs a .WSEQ file that can be opened in Workswell’s ThermoLab software. This consumes more storage but saves the temperature information of each frame. The IR pallet can be adjusted later and the temperature data of each pixel can be retrieved in post-processing. This is most useful when quantitative temperature measurements are needed.
Photo Settings
Radiometric JPEG - 640 x 512 px
Radiometric TIFF - 640 x 512 px
Super Resolution - 1266 x 1010 px image
Lenses
EO Zoom Camera
Video/Photo Settings
Auto-exposure
1-10x zoom range (93.5 degrees to 11.92 degrees HFOV), incremented at 1x, 1.5x, 3x, 6x, and 10x settings
720p 20 frames per second video saved in a .MP4 format
The Wiris Pro Payload ships with a 13mm lens (~45 degree FOV). Tighter focal length lens options are available from . Get in touch if you are interested in a different thermal lens: support@freeflysystems.com
Camera Modes | Photo are 1920x1080px, video records at 720p 20 FPS |
File Formats | JPEG images h.264 (.mp4) video |
Focus Mode | Continuous autofocus |
Sensor Resolution (pixels) | 1920px x 1080px |
Sensor Size (mm) | 8.46mm (diagonal) |
Lens Horizontal Field of View (degrees) | 1x zoom → HFOV = 93.5 degrees 1.5x zoom → HFOV = 74.8 degrees 3x zoom → HFOV = 40.6 degrees 6x zoom → HFOV = 21.5 degrees 10x zoom → HFOV = 11.92 degrees |
Gimbal logs by connecting a USB-C cable to an unpowered gimbal and a computer, navigating to freefly > movi > logs, and copying the latest file. Share with support to expedite any gimbal-related ticket issues.
Camera Modes | Photos at 640x512p, Video at 640x512p 30 FPS |
File Formats | JPEG images Radiometric TIFF images Radiometric full-frame IR recording (raw data recording in 30 Hz) |
Exposure Modes | Auto, Manual, Custom Incremental |
Color Pallets | BlackRed, BlueRed, BWIron, BWIronI, BWRainbow, BWRainbowHC, BWRGB, Fire, Gradient, Gray, GraySlowFade, Iron1, Iron2, Natural, Rainbow, RainbowHC, Sepia, Steps, Temperature, WBRGB |
Sensor Resolution (pixels) | 640px x 512px |
Lens Field of View (degrees) | Wiris Pro Payload ships with a 13mm lens, approximately 45 x 37 degrees FOV (horizontal by vertical). |
High Res Mapping Payload Output Specification
The standard workflow for mapping with Astro takes photos from the camera, geotags them, and writes them to the attached USB stick. The usb stick will contain data from each flight in separate folders.
Photos can be saved to either SD card or USB drive. When photos are saved to the SD card, no geotag is applied. However, all other files will be written to USB drive if one is connected, as well as small thumbs of the RAW photos.
Naming: <SequentialFlightNumber>_<DATE>_<TIME>
There may be multiple folders that start with the same <SequentialFlightNumber>
if photos were taken on the ground but without a flight.
Each folder will contain the following:
This file contains the GNSS observations from the aircraft's RTK GPS, and is used in conjunction with the base station data to precisely locate the astro in space. The file also includes RTKlib-style "marker" entries at the timestamp when each photo was taken
This JSON formatted file includes the precise timestamp and gimbal angle for each photo captured.
This JSON formatted file includes the aircraft position, attitude, timestamp, and capture url for each photo taken.
Name: YYYY-MM-DD-[SequentialNumber matching directory].json
File type: JPG
Naming: per camera settings
Geotags: Each photo is geotagged in its EXIF header, including geographic position and altitude in WGS84 (GPS) coordinate frame. The altitude in the aircraft geotags is based on the EGM96 geoid.
Note that additional tag information may be written later when post processed by a PPK app.
This folder contains small 512x341 thumbnails of the photos taken. They are geotagged as well, and are sometimes useful to upload to a photo photogrammetry site such as ESRI sitescan to ensure that photos are geotagged as expected. They can even be used to create a quick, coarse map.
Link to example datasets. These datasets have been copied from the USB drive attached to Astro.
Note that Base Station observation files are also included in separate folders in case you'd like to perform PPK.
This is a set of example calibration values for the Sony A7R-IV with Sigma 24 mm lens, which can be used for photogrammetry initial conditions. The LR1 also matches this specification with the 24mm lens. Each lens is slightly different, but these values are good initial values if the software in use can't solve them directly.
These free applications make it easy and simple to improve the accuracy of your survey through their use of Post Processed Kinematic corrections.
If you are not able to follow these steps exactly, there is more guidance below.
Set up your base station (list of tested stations are below) and get it recording
Fly your mission with Astro, then wait for it to finish processing photos after landing
Shutoff Astro
Pull USB-C stick, and insert into iPad (if accessing base-station data from iPad)
Go to Files app, browse to USB drive, and determine which folder has the files from this scan. i.e. folder 58
If using EMLID REACH:
Open EMLID app:
Stop logging all 3 logs (position, raw data, base correction)
After they are zipped, download all 3 files to the usb stick in the same directory as the scan
Freefly PPK Desktop Application takes photos and GPS data generated by Astro during a Mapping mission, as well as data from a GNSS base station, and applies the Post-Processing Kinematics (PPK) algorithm to tag photos with highly accurate geotags.
Download the software from https://freeflysystems.com/support/astro-support
Current PC Version: v1.1.0 - Released 08/2024
Current Mac Version: v1.1.0 - Released 08/2024
Table of Contents:
Compatible Devices, Download Links
Input, Output, Workflow
Debugging tips if you encounter errors
Operating Systems
Note, for the current app version, you will need to override current mac security settings through instructions provided here: https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT202491
Trimble R2,10,12
Emlid RS2
Generally, any device that can output RINEX (Observation and Navigation data files)
Important Tip: PPK process and upload to mapping software is 10x faster if you have the files in your local storage instead of thumb drive
Output folder from High Res Mapping Payload.
RINEX files (OBS and Nav Data files) from GNSS base station (that was actively recording GNSS data for the full duration of the time that the Astro mission was running).
GNSS base station coordinate
Using pre-surveyed point as reference coordinate
Using Reference Network calculation (i.e. NOAA's CORS, Washington state's WSRN)
For very basic results, averaged value from base station rinex file
Photos in PPK_Photos folder with corrected geotags.
Updated 2022-06-01
PRE-PPK CHECKS
As summarized above, to start PPK-ing your photos to get centimeter level geotag accuracy, you need to:
Complete an Astro Map mapping mission that writes photos, imagelog.json, *capture.obs, and *capture.json file into a mission folder (see Fig 1 below) into the USB-C thumb-drive. This is a simple and streamlined process, and you will generate this folder if you follow with the instructions in Astro Mapping Payload: Quick Map Workflow.
Fig 1. Here is what the mission folder generated by an Astro Map mission might look like:
Have a GNSS base-station running and recording satellite data throughout the duration of the flight that can produce (Observation and Navigation data files). Grab the RINEX data files (usually ends with .<##>O - for OBS or .<##>P for NAV, sometimes just .RNX for both file types). If the file names are ambiguous, you can inspect the files and look at the first few lines to see if they contain the keywords Observation (for obs file) or Navigation (for nav file) data file. IMPORTANT - Ensure that the NAV data file is a "MIXED NAV" data file that contains nav data for all constellations.
Grab the Observation and Navigation data files (either individually) or the folder that contains them and place it into the Astro Map mission folder that contains the photos and the other mapping mission artifacts (imagelog.json, *capture.obs, and *capture.json).
Placing base station file into the folder shown below:
Fig 2. Placing base-station files into the folder shown above. The file types might be different
Pre-PPK Notes:
Do not close any pop-up cmd prompt or terminal windows (this is due to the application running a subprocess necessary for PPK-ing)
It's a good habit to check to ensure that the original geotags on a couple of the photos somewhat correspond to the image location.
To do this: Use an exif inspection tool, grab the geotag from an image, search up coordinates on Google Earth, compare to see if the photo content somewhat matches up with coordinates on Google earth
If the images do not align, it might be a good idea to get the flight log (.ulog) file from the mission and use the Use ULOG workflow in the Freefly PPK app to get proper alignment.
Freefly PPK Processing:
Open FreeflyPPK application.
Click on browse at the top to choose the Astro Map mission and select the folder.
The application should browse the folder and search for the requirements and automatically fill in all of the requirements.
4. If you know where the base station ground coordinate was, then enter it. This can be done using a GNSS reference network processing provider (i.e. in Washington state you can use Washington State Reference Network, in the U.S. you can use NOAA CORS and upload your base RINEX files) You can use either DMS or Decimal coordinates (Click the DMS Coordinates
check-box.)
5. If you don't know the base station coordinate, by changing from MANUAL
on the drop down to AVERAGE FROM OBS
you can get a very rough estimate of the base station. It applies single point positioning to the base station RINEX files. The averaged postion will be displayed on the status bar once the project processing begins.
6. Go ahead and select how high you placed the receiver from the ground (usually your base station tripod pole will have a marking to let you know). The application will take care of antenna phase center variation based on the base-station type detected from the base-station OBS file.
7. If you are rerunning the same mapping mission folder, checking the Overwrite Output check-box will overwrite the output folder with the current processing output. It is set to overwrite on default since the application can otherwise keep on making copy of the photos and take a lot of space on your computer. If the Overwrite Output check-box is not checked, then the application will rename the previous folder and save the output of the current processing to PPK_Photos. *TIP: you want to explore output with multiple settings (i.e. different base station coordinates or base station files), it might be beneficial to rename the PPK_Photos folder to something more useful*
8. Once all of the project requirements are met, you will be able to click the Process button and the application will correct the geotags on your photos after it conducts PPK on them. It will output them into the PPK_Photos folder and keep your original images untouched. Monitor the output and ensure all or most of the photos are tagged with Q=1 quality. The Q value corresponds to the quality of the corrected geotag. Q=1 is great. Q=2 is ok. Anything higher is not accurate.
9. Once your images are PPK-ed, you can use a map generation provider like ESRI Sitescan (which is recommended and we have tested on) and upload the images from the PPK_Photos folder. In the Advanced Processing Settings:
If you completed the PPK process with a surveyed point or reference network, use the +/- margin of error they provided to you in the base station location for the geolocation accuracy.
If you use the AVERAGE OBS FILE option in the FreeflyPPK app, use +/- 100 cm. Note that it is not recommended to run AVERAGE OBS if you want high fidelity maps.
Debugging Tips:
Known Issue: If drone is flying below sealevel or drone is flying at negative altitude in the chosen base-station coordinate system, then the application will fail the geotagging process (status list error). This will be fixed in a future release.
If you entered base station coordinates in Degrees, Minute, Second format, make sure you use the correct sign. i.e. If the coordinate you are entering is 122° 09' 7.93789" W, on Freefly PPK, you should enter -122 09 7.93789
If the correct base station file is not be detected correctly, remove all of the base files from inside of the project path folder. Then, individually go into modify the selected base and rinex files using the modify buttons below the status box. Check content inside the base files for "Observation" and "Navigation" to ensure you are choosing the correct files.
One of the first debugging things you can do is to close the application and reopen it. More advanced users can go in and delete the .ppk_history file in their home directory to remove application cache file.
Check to see if the rtkdata_events.pos in the working directory has been generated properly. If everything looks good there, but there is an issue with photo tagging. (i.e. "Issue with abc.jpg tagging" alert, then there is likely an error with your filesystems (see common file systems error).
Common file systems errors: Not enough space on your hard drive. Make sure the project path has plenty of space. A bunch of 25MP images can fill up your storage device quickly. Again, as previously mentioned, you will get much better performance if your project folder is in your local hard-drive instead of an extenal drive.
If you have any issues with Freefly PPK and have questions for Freefly Support team, it would help if you sent as many of your files as you are able to (i.e content of working directory, capture.obs, sequence.json, and base-directory folder). It helps to include a screenshot of the application during an error, but ensure you expand the status list so that the whole error is visible in the photo. Since this is our first release of Freefly PPK software, we are actively working to improve the user experience based on feedback.
Precise Flight by Auterion is an alternative option for the PPK workflow. It can be downloaded from the App Store.
iOS devices - primarily useful with iPad
Set up base station and get it recording
Fly mission with astro, wait for it to finish processing photos after landing
Shutoff astro
Pull usb stick, and place into ipad
Go to files app, browse to usb stick, and determine which folder has the files from this scan. I.e. folder 58
Open emlid app
Stop logging all 3 logs (position, raw data, base correction)
After they are zipped
Download all 3 files to the usb stick in the same directory as the scan
Extract data
Go to files app
Browse to the folder with the photos in them
Click once on the zip file with the emlid raw RINEX data in it to unzip
It will create a folder in that directory
Delete old data?
Go to preciseflight app
Select base station folder, will be the RINEX directory inside of the flight folder
Select the vehicle folder- it is the folder with your mission number such as “58” that has the photos in it
Decide if you want to set base position manually, enter as desired
Enable compensate camera offset
Hit process, wait the 30-60 seconds for processing
When processing is complete, the files will be located in the Auterion Precise Flight app on the ipad (not on the USB stick).
When working properly, Sitescan app can be pointed at that folder to upload the photos
I’ve been using files app to copy the PPK’d photos into a new folder on the usb drive and then transferring to computer.
Weight (g) | Astro's maximum payload weight is 1500 grams. Wiris Pro Payload (including gimbal) is ~940g |
Dimensions (mm) | When upright and forward facing, the Wiris Pro payload alone has the maximum outer dimensions as follows: 150(width) x 157(length) x 162(height) |
Ingress Protection | None |
Mount | Smart Dovetail |
Operation Temperature | -20C to +50C |
Pan | Roll | Tilt |
+/- 170°. No continuous pan | 52° Left, 92° Right | 50° Up, 120° Down |
Wiris Pro Payload uses the Smart Dovetail interface for power, data, and control. Pinouts for this connector can be found at both links bellow:
The Wiris video and control is passed through over the ethernet pins on the smart dovetail. Info on communicating with the camera can be found in the document bellow.
The gimbal utilizes Mavlink for control from the aircraft over the UART pins.
The Wiris is powered directly from the gimbal, these specs account for the entire package in operation. Power is drawn from the V_BATT pins on the Smart Dovetail pinout.
For temperature and ingress protection info, please refer to the technical specs section:
No hotswap protection. Do not mate or demate Smart Dovetail while the aircraft is powered.
If the payload has even modest capacitance or other inrush current the connector contacts on both aircraft and payload side will be eroded.
We have tested this payload up to a speed of 15m/s, climb rate of 4m/s, and descent rate of 3m/s. There has been no significant performance testing past these limits. Refer to the performance section of the Astro wiki for more information.
The mapping workflow is largely the same between the LR1 Payload and A7R4 payload. The same lens and camera settings are recommended for both payloads, and the same tips for maximizing efficiency are shared between them. The PPK process and output specification are also the same.
Weather is a big driver of how good the resulting maps will be. Because of lens limits and the requirement for high shutter speeds to reduce motion blur, maps are best when taken with bright light. The best results are around noon when the sun is directly overhead and casting few shadows; a bright, overcast day also works well for similar reasons.
When ambient light is low due to heavy clouds or in the evenings, the camera will expose the scene but will have to increase ISO to get reasonable exposure. Beyond ISO 1000, noise and blur from the denoising filter in the camera will start to impact photo quality.
If light conditions are low, the shutter speed can be reduced. However, the drone will need to fly slower to ensure no motion blur. The camera lens is sharpest above f/5, but the aperture can be opened up to provide more light. Some lens artifacts and blurring around the edges may be present with a wider aperture/lower f-stop.
Additionally, flying over wet surfaces may cause problems for photogrammetry workflows. It tends to make asphalt very dark, which can cause stitching software to have a hard time, and reflective surfaces can't be used to stitch photos.
AMC caches recent maps. To make certain that maps for a specific location are stored on your remote controller before you go to a site with no internet, download them while the remote controller is connected to wifi.
Tap the Herelink icon in the top-left corner of AMC, select Settings, and select Offline Maps. Select "Add New Set".
Offline maps gather satellite data from the selected source (in this case, Bing Hybrid maps) and download tiles to make up the map in up to two different zoom levels. The higher the zoom level, the better the quality of the image and the more tiles it will take to cover the area framed by your screen.
As such, high zoom levels of large areas can lead to very large file sizes. Lower zoom levels are recommended for large areas, and higher zoom levels will result in better offline maps for smaller areas. After adjusting the map to your preferences, you can select Download.
After the map is downloaded, you can view it from the Offline Maps page. Any missions in the area on this map will show the satellite images even if you are not connected to the internet, and if the "Fetch elevation data" option was selected you will also have the option to view the terrain height while planning your mission.
DIU Blue Astros come with stealth logging enabled, which stops GPS data from being written to imagery and logs. Stealth logging must be disabled to allow GPS data to be written to photos
1. Figure out the minimum safe flying altitude at your site (i.e. above obstacles and giving a good line of sight). Enter this value in AMC > Vehicle Setup > Safety > Return Altitude.
3. Open AMC Plan view, and select "Pattern" in the left sidebar (creates flight path that covers the site and automatically triggers photos). Choose a pattern type and shape and it'll appear on the map. Don't detail the shape yet- We'll come back to that.
4. In the Pattern/Survey waypoint settings, open the Camera tab, and select Preset: Sony ILX-LR1 - 24 mm SIGMA.
5. Set Altitude. Start in Pattern waypoint settings and enter the minimum safe value from step 1. Check the Ground Sample Distance (GSD) value at the bottom of Pattern Waypoint settings. If GSD is smaller than your needs, increase altitude to increase GSD. Then go to Mission Waypoint settings and enter the same altitude.
6. Turn on Terrain Display by selecting the square T button in the bottom-left corner. Check the heightmap to make sure the flight path clears the terrain by a comfortable margin.
7. Set speed. Check the Photo Interval value at the bottom of Survey settings along the right. This interval needs to be 2 seconds or more. If it's less, decrease the mission flight speed or increase forward overlap (if this is acceptable for your mission). If the photo interval is larger than 2 seconds, you can optionally increase your flight speed.
8. Adjust the Pattern area. Make sure the green area (the area to be flown and photographed) is larger than the map you need. Make the green area larger on every side by at least the width between flight passes. Note the estimated flight duration at the top of the screen. If the duration is longer than 23 minutes, it's likely to require a second flight.
9. Add a Return waypoint command if you want the aircraft to come home and land when finished. This is optional but recommended. If the mission's last command is a Pattern or Waypoint, AMC will not notify you that the mission has ended. The aircraft will hover at the last waypoint, likely until the battery failsafe is triggered and Astro returns home automatically.
If these instructions are unclear or if you have any additional questions, you can learn more about planning in the AMC docs or contact us at support@freeflysystems.com.
To get high-quality results, every area of interest in the map should appear in 5 or 6 overlapping photos. Obtaining this much coverage along edges or in corners requires that the area to be flown is larger than the area to be mapped. Also consider that if the gimbal is not pointing straight down (for crosshatch surveys and such), the drone will need to fly PAST areas that need to be seen in images because the image is looking in front of the drone.
The USB flash drive included will be formatted to work with Astro. In the event that you encounter issues or would like to use a different USB flash drive with Astro, follow the instructions in the USB formatting section. Be sure enough space is available; you will need at least 16GB for a single mission.
Astro Map and the mapping payload both include a Samsung 64GB flash drive. If you want to replace or purchase additional flash drives, we recommend trying to get the same model as we have tested this drive thoroughly. It will also help our support team troubleshoot any issues you might encounter.
Body Exposure Compensation Dial: 0, and the lock button engaged
Lens Aperture ring: A
Lens Focus switch: AF
Focus: Auto (infinity does work as well)
Exposure Mode: Manual
ISO: Auto
Aperture: f/5 - f/11 depending on lighting conditions
Shutter: 1/1000 or greater (can go as low as 1/500 but aircraft needs to slow down to prevent blur.
Storage: USB Drive
When light is low (e.g. dark cloudy day), we need to adjust the shutter speed and aperture to avoid an excessive increase in the ISO sensitivity. The first step is to open the aperture. If an aperture of f/5 is still not bright enough, the second step is to decrease shutter speed. Working in this order keeps shutter speed as high as possible to minimize motion blur. If shutter speed must be reduced and motion blur is seen, reduce flight speed. Wider apertures than f/5 can be used, but the photos will lose sharpness, so be sure to test if the quality of the resulting images will satisfy the needs of your mission.
Choose a survey flight path angle that minimizes the number of turns (or in other words, think about maximizing long, straight flight paths). For example, if surveying a complex next to a road that runs at a 30-degree angle, rotating the survey lines to match may reduce the maneuvering Astro has to do and will result in shorter missions and better pictures.
Rotate the survey entry/exit points to start and end at logical places. It is usually more efficient and safe to start at the furthest point from your takeoff location, as your mission will likely end closer to the home point when battery levels are most critical.
Use overlap and sidelap settings suitable for your processing software and output type. AMC's defaults (70%) are reasonable starting places, but reducing these values can allow faster flight and more area coverage. Lower front overlaps will allow Astro to fly faster in a mission, but be sure the value is acceptable for whichever processing software is in use.
Tips for Large Projects
Astro can cover areas greater than 200 acres in a single flight at 2cm GSD. Some tips for flying these types of missions:
Uncheck the "refly at 90°" option at the bottom of the Survey settings while planning a mission. This will cause Astro to only fly over the ground in single-direction passes as opposed to a cross-hatch pattern.
If possible, fly from the center of a large survey to reduce the distance between the Herelink and Astro. The maximum telemetry distance is shown in AMC during mission planning if you're at the takeoff location. Being able to have a line of sight to the vehicle at all parts of the survey is important for safety as well as maintaining a solid data link.
Fly at 10-12m/s. The aircraft can fly up to 15m/s, but the flight time will actually increase if flying above 12m/s and result in a longer flight.
A "typical" large area survey might have the following parameters: 12m/s speed, 120m altitude, 70% front overlap, 65% side overlap, and the gimbal angle pointing down (90°).
Astro defaults to limiting the distance between waypoints to 900m. This is intended as a safety check to ensure that an accidental waypoint doesn't send the drone out of range to an unintended location. However, this may limit the length of a reasonable survey in some edge cases. This value can be increased by changing the parameter MIS_DIST_WPS. Do not set it larger than necessary to maintain the safety benefit.
Tips for Small Projects
Smaller areas can be covered the same as a large project, but usually higher detail is desired. In these cases, a crosshatch pattern can be used with gimbal pitch to get better detail on the sides of vertical objects. This gives better 3D reconstructions.
Check the "refly at 90°" option at the bottom of the Survey settings while planning a mission.
Set the gimbal angle to around 70 degrees to get better imagery on the sides of objects.
Fly lower (60m or less) depending on the situation. Lower altitude will result in higher-density photos; just make sure that safety is the highest priority and that no obstacles intersect with your flight path.
Make sure to fly well beyond the boundaries of the object being surveyed when the gimbal is tilted to ensure that it can be seen from all sides.
Generally speaking, slower flights will provide more accurate results.
It's possible to plan missions and monitor flights from AMC on a computer or tablet. Here's the procedure to connect another device to the Herelink.
DIU Blue Astros come with stealth logging enabled, which stops GPS data from being written to imagery and logs. Stealth logging must be disabled to allow GPS data to be written for mapping workflows
Astro is integrated with Esri's Site Scan, allowing for a very clean end-to-end mapping process that we cover in the Site Scan section of our wiki. We strongly recommend using Site Scan if your primary use case for Astro is mapping.
From AMC Fly view, use the confirmation slider to begin a mission.
During a mission, you can take control of the aircraft pressing the Flight Mode buttons on the controller (Position, Altitude, and Manual). The aircraft will switch to the selected flight mode and begin responding to your commands.
Verify that the camera is oriented correctly (downward when taking photos and forward when landing to avoid ground strikes).
Verify that the aircraft is taking photos by looking for photo icons on AMC Fly view map or the incrementing photo counter on the live video camera control panel.
When the aircraft lands, do not immediately power down. The aircraft will automatically perform post-processing operations like creating the RINEX observation files. AMC will show a progress bar. When the process is complete, the drone may be powered down. The drone can be folded and moved while it is doing its post-processing, but it is suggested to disconnect ONE battery as an added safety measure. Do not disconnect the payload while the aircraft is powered on.
Astro Map output is compatible with modern stitching software that can accept normal JPEG EXIF Geotags. In general, if it can use the files generated by a DJI Phantom 4 RTK, it will work with Astro photos. Freefly has tested the following for compatibility:
This section focuses on tools and techniques to improve accuracy.
Relative Accuracy describes the quality of measurements between points within a map (e.g. object size, shape, and separation). The map may not be aligned with the real world, but it is self-consistent (lengths of objects are accurate).
Absolute Accuracy describes the quality of measurements between points on a map and points in the real world.
Ground Sample Distance (GSD) is the photo or map's "resolution" typically given in units of distance per pixel, e.g. cm/px. GSD is the size of the camera's pixels on the ground.
Functionally, GSD is the upper limit of precision for measurements extracted from a photo/map/cloud/mesh. For example, if a measurement precision of 1 cm is needed, the mission should be planned so that GSD is 1 cm or less.
GSD can be chosen as a survey input in AMC's Plan tab, but it will adjust the altitude of the mission using the given overlap requirements. It is important that the operator verify the resulting altitude that AMC calculates is safe to fly.
The cheapest accuracy available is in eliminating coordinate system errors. It's not always easy, but it is free.
Post-processing software is designed to accept input in a variety of coordinate systems, but each piece of software has its own peculiarities in handling coordinate conversion. Here are a few tips:
Astro outputs photos geotagged in WGS84 latitude/longitude, and EGM96 elevation in meters. This is what is found on the USB stick plugged into the aircraft.
When working with PPK, coordinate systems become much more complicated. The coordinate system the photos are in after PPK will be the SAME as the coordinate system used by the base station. For example, if the base station was placed on a pre-surveyed marker, and you know the coordinates of that marker in NAD83(2011) geographic coordinates, and those are what you enter as the base station position in the PPK app, then all the resulting geotags from the PPK app will ALSO now be in NAD83(2011).
A common error is when the base station location is corrected using an online service such as OPUS. Those services accept the base station observation file and solve for the position of the unit with high accuracy. However, the reported position coordinate system may not match the desired output at the survey site. OPUS reports back in IRTF2014 and NAD83(2011). Use the base coordinates that apply to your site. If your site is not using any of those, Tools like NOAA's VDatumWeb can convert between them.
The FreeflyPPK app or Precise Flight PPK app does not include vertical datum settings. (Look for these in a future version.) The resulting vertical reference will match the coordinates of whatever height is used for the base station.
The photos created by the Mapping Payload are geotagged when they are stored on a USB drive (not the SD card in the camera).
Geotags are metadata attached to photo files that capture the camera's location in the 3D space and the direction vector of the camera when the photo was taken. These pieces of information allow post-processing software to quickly perform an initial alignment of the photos. More accurate geotags make processing time shorter and improve the quality of the output.
Astro will geotag the photos with whatever level of accuracy is available to the aircraft. The onboard GPS provides absolute accuracy down to 1-3 meters. The relative accuracy will be much higher, but it depends on the GPS constellation, mission duration (it drifts over time), and other factors.
The accuracy of GPS systems can be improved by strategies involving multiple receivers.
If a Freefly RTK Base Station is connected, the geotag absolute accuracy does not improve (unless placed on a previously known location), but relative accuracy is refined to the centimeter range.
Astro stores onboard GNSS observations and the geotag accuracy (both relative and absolute) can be improved further by post-processing after the fact. This process is known as "PPK". Freefly and Auterion both have apps that can correct the photos via PPK and improve their absolute accuracy to as good as 1-3cm.
PPK processing can be performed with a variety of base stations and software. The next section gives more detail.
The easiest way to increase absolute accuracy is to use a GNSS Base Station with Astro's free PPK Software. PPK Software uses GNSS Base Station output to improve photo geotag accuracy through a process called Post Processed Kinematic (PPK) correction. Accurate geotags give your post-processing software a better starting point, improving output map/cloud/mesh accuracy.
How accurate is PPK? Relative accuracy typically is less than 1cm. Absolute accuracy is more complicated:
If no other corrections are used (i.e. no GCPs) absolute accuracy is the same as that of the base station. PPK essentially solves position offsets by comparing the aircraft's position to the base station, so if the base station position is known globally accurate to 2cm, the resulting PPK geotags will be similar.
These are a few ways to determine base station location, ordered from highest to lowest accuracy:
Place GPS base station precisely on a known ground control point survey marker using a high-accuracy tripod with tribrach. A survey pole and tripod can also be used, but accuracy might suffer depending on how accurately the pole in question can be leveled.
Place the GPS in a clear view of the sky and leave it running for an hour or more. Then use an online post-processing tool such as NGS OPUS or Trimble Centerpoint RTX if you have a Trimble base station. This will take all the observations from the GPS and do its own PPK processing to determine the location of your GNSS unit very accurately. The downside is often having to wait hours or days for the underlying GPS data to be updated in OPUS before it will process your file. (Pay attention to the coordinate system that is returned)
Average the position file generated by your GPS unit- if it's been stationary for over an hour, reasonable accuracy can be achieved, although GPS can vary slowly over many hours so this still may have sub-meter errors.
Survey-in the GNSS; this usually integrates for a few minutes when it's powered on, then writes its averaged position to the RINEX headers. This value is better than nothing.
Read out the instantaneous position of the GNSS after you've set it up and it has achieved a stable lock. This is the least accurate, and will only be accurate to GPS's normal accuracy of 1-3m.
Arrive at the site where you intend to fly.
Set up base station, ideally, on a known survey marker. Otherwise, find an open space with a clear view of the sky (to the best of your ability).
Start observation file logging on the base station. Many can be configured to start at power on, but it is usually worth checking that the base station is recording before takeoff.
Prepare Astro and fly missions.
When you are done, log into the base station and stop recording.
Download the RINEX files from the base station and put them on the USB drive from Astro.
Geolocate the base station. If it was on a known point, you're ready to go. If you are using an online processing tool, wait until the base station has enough data from nearby CORS sites to process (1-2 hours minimum), then get the processing report. Acquiring this report varies depending on your hardware and location, so consult the user manual of your base station for more info.
Use the FreeflyPPK app or the Auterion PreciseFlight app to post-process the photos.
Take the resulting high-accuracy geotagged photos to whichever photogrammetry tool you choose (ESRI sitescan, pix4d, DroneDeploy, propeller.aero, Agisoft, etc).
Ground Control Points (GCP) are pre-surveyed points that are marked to be visible in aerial photos. GCPs are used by the post-processing algorithm to correct distortion and align the map with the real world.
PPK allows you to achieve high-accuracy maps that do not require GCPs. GCPs can require significant effort to survey and process. However, they tend to be the most accurate, even with poor initial coordinates in the photos.
GCPs can be used in a number of ways:
A base station can be placed on a single GCP and used as high-accuracy positioning for PPK processing. This is the method that gives great results for the lowest amount of effort.
A few GCPs can be used, one with the base station. This allows high-accuracy PPK, and the additional GCPs can be used as an accuracy check on the PPK results.
a large quantity of GCPs (5+) can be surveyed and used in combination with or in lieu of PPK. This is the most costly as it requires surveying all the points, and then running the tagging process.
Maps using GCPs will generally be as accurate as the GCP can be marked in the photos and how accurate the GCP coordinates themselves are known (usually reported by your surveyor).
GCPs are used like this: Before flying, ensure that the mission will overfly multiple GCPs and ensure their clear visibility in aerial photos. After flying, enter GCP coordinates into your post-processing software. Use your photogrammetry software's workflow to mark the locations of the known coordinates in the photos. Then there will be a processing step. Afterward, you can overlay the GCP checkpoints and measure the distance from their coordinates to the marker in the output.
GCPs can be established by a surveyor, or with your GNSS base station.
Astro is compatible with Propeller Aeropoints.
To install the gimbal:
Orient the gimbal under the aircraft so that it is facing forward and the Smart Dovetail is facing upwards.
Slide the gimbal Smart Dovetail into the Isolated Dovetail receiver that is on the underside of the aircraft. Slide until you hear an audible click of the safety latch and the connector is fully seated.
Close the dovetail locking lever until tight and the gimbal is secure.
Open the dovetail locking lever so that it is loose.
Hold the safety latch so that it is disengaged.
Slide the gimbal dovetail towards the front of the aircraft to fully disengage from the Smart Dovetail Mount and remove the gimbal.
Listen for the audible ‘click’ when inserting the payload into the Smart Dovetail to ensure it is safely connected to Astro.
Never hotswap the payload. Ensure that Astro is powered off before installing or removing the payload.
The Wiris Pro Payload uses the Smart Dovetail/Pixhawk Payload Bus Quick Release mechanical mount. An overview of the Smart Dovetail, including a 3D CAD model of the Smart Dovetail male and female sides is available here:
You are encouraged to use this model to integrate the Smart Dovetail design into your own UAV! Conversely, you can purchase a Smart Dovetail mount with a 32 x 32mm M3 mounting bolt pattern from Freefly for easy installation:
Refer to the specs section for mass, dimensions, and other information.
For information on the vibration isolation system shipped with Astro Thermal, refer to the section linked bellow.
Isolation systems are aircraft specific and a different system may be optimal for your aircraft, however we offer a couple of options in our store:
Term definitions!
EO and IR refer to types of photographic sensors.
EO stands for "Electro-Optical", and functions as a standard camera for capturing visible light, just like any smartphone camera.
IR stands for "Infrared", and functions to capture thermal data in a video stream. Temperatures are mapped to colors with a variety of ranges, color pallets, and thresholds available depending on your specific use.
FOV stands for "Field of View", and is represented by an angle, typically in degrees. Think of it as a cone expanding out infinitely in front of a lens with the width defined as an angle. Anything within this cone is visible in your image.
HFOV and VFOV are commonly used to describe the horizontal and vertical field of view, respectively.
These refer to the axis on which your gimbal can rotate.
Pan controls left-to-right rotation. It uses the motor at the very top of your gimbal and is controlled via the direction of your aircraft. Pan may be adjusted using the yaw control on your aircraft.
Roll controls the horizon of your camera. The motor is located at the back of your gimbal, behind the camera, and it is updated automatically to keep your camera level to the horizon.
Tilt controls the angle of the camera vertically, allowing you to point down, up, level, or anything in between. The aircraft operator can control tilt using the tilt wheel on the top left of the Herelink controller.
This payload is an integrated package that combines the EO and IR camera capabilities of the Wiris Pro with Freefly Systems gimbal stabilization, tuning, and testing. The payload uses the Smart Dovetail open-interface for PX4. The payload has been extensively tested and is natively integrated with the Freefly Astro drone, but it is certainly possible to integrate this payload on to other UAV platforms.
LR1 Payload | OGI Payload | Wiris Pro Payload | A7R4 Payload | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Make sure to update Astro and AMC to the latest FW too!
Gimbal firmware versions are also included in gimbal log files
Initial Release for OGI Payload
Updated 75mm tuning for LR1 on Astro with large motors
Initial release for LR1 Payload
Change: baud rate to enable reliable parameter forwarding
Bugfix: now handles mavlink forwarding turned on
This is a required firmware update for Astro's running firmware 1.6 or later. This gimbal firmware will only work on Astro FW 1.6 and later
Bugfix: Fixed the SD card corruption issue, preventing the gimbal from powering on
New: Added tilt limits to mongoose of -90 and +30 degrees tilt
Improvements:
Improved heading control
Calibration and process updates to improve attitude performance
Added GPS date time as supplied by Astro to log
Initial Release
Download the firmware package.
Extract the .zip folder contents.
Open the extracted folder- the top level folder that you will need to copy onto the gimbal will be called "freefly". Do not copy the folder that states the firmware version.
To upgrade Gimbal firmware, connect the gimbal to a laptop using a USB-C cable.
The USB-C connector is located on the Smart Dovetail of the gimbal
Ensure the gimbal is not powered by the aircraft
The gimbal will show up on the computer as an external drive called "FREEFLY"
Open that drive and you will see a folder named "freefly". This is the current firmware file that you need to replace.
Delete this folder and replace it with the new firmware folder "freefly' that you downloaded in Step 1
Remove the USB-C cable from the gimbal and connect the gimbal to an Astro using the Smart Dovetail to power on the gimbal.
Insert 1 SL8 Battery into the aircraft and fully latch the battery, but do not power on the aircraft at this time.
Use a paperclip or small screwdriver to hold down the Firmware Load button on the gimbal- this button must be pressed and held for 10 seconds while powering on the aircraft.
This small button is recessed into the gimbal housing and is located next to the USB-C connector on the Smart Dovetail.
Power on the aircraft by double clicking the button on the SL8 battery.
Ensure that the Firmware Load button is held down during this time for 10 seconds while the new firmware is loaded onto the gimbal.
When firmware is successfully updated, the gimbal should stabilize correctly and video feed will show on the controller.
We have tested LR1 cameras on 1.00 FW. We do not recommend any updates to the camera as it may cause compatibility issues with Astro and AMC.
With Astro off or with the gimbal removed from the aircraft, connect a USB-C cable between a computer and the USB-C port on the payload side of the dovetail. A drive will mount on your computer. The logs are located under "freefly\movi\logs".
The LR1 and A7R4 can easily be configured to perform inspections on power lines, wind turbines, and other infrastructure!
For inspection use cases, we recommend using a long lens to maintain a safe distance from your subject. We have found that both the Sony FE 50mm F1.8 and Samyang 75mm F1.8 (LR1 only) work well.
The Samyang 75mm may need a lens firmware update to work well in autofocus mode with the LR1
After changing the lens, make sure to balance the gimbal, covered in this section:
We recommend the following camera settings for sharp, detailed images:
All of these parameters can be setup in AMC, accessed by the 3 lines under the shutter button Additional settings we recommend:
Focus: Auto or Tap-to-focus
Focus mode: Center or Zone (if not using tap to focus)
Overlay: Reticle
DIU Blue Astros come with stealth logging enabled, which stops GPS data from being written to imagery and logs. Stealth logging must be disabled to allow GPS data to be written to photos
Download the offline maps for the area you will be flying in
Check the vibration isolators are in good condition before each flight
Check the gimbal is balanced and the thumbscrews are tight
Astro is resistant to electromagnetic interference created by high voltage power lines with our Compassesless algorithm! Make sure Astro is updated to 1.6 or later
Pilots should still be careful when flying close wires and towers as these can often be difficult to see
Be careful when flying under structures! Astro can lose GPS signal and drift
Be careful when flying near wind turbines! Astro can fly in winds up to 12m/s (27mph), above this Astro will trigger RTL.
The current estimated windspeed is displayed in the lower right-hand corner of AMC in flight
The LR1, A7R4, and OGI Payloads ship with this
We recommend a USB 3.1 drive with a write speed above 50 mb/s.
The USB thumb drive can slow down over time. This can propagate issues throughout the system. Fully the drive could help resolve this issue, but it is best practice to replace the flash drive if you are experiencing issues after a long period of use.
The USB flash drive included will be formatted to work with Astro. If you encounter issues or would like to use a different USB flash drive with Astro, format using the instructions below.
Open Disk Utilities and click on the flash drive in the sidebar.
Select the Erase option at the top of the window.
In the Format dropdown, select MS-DOS FAT and click Erase.
Once that completes, click the Eject arrow near your flash drive on the sidebar.
Open This PC to show all connected drives.
Locate the USB drive you want to use with Astro, right-click on the image, and select "Format...". A small window should open.
Select ExFat under the File System dropdown and click Start.
Once that completes, right-click on the USB drive in This PC again and select Eject.
Parameter | Value |
---|---|
2. Open the camera view for the payload, and select the settings icon. Select the lens that matches what you're using (default 24mm).
Name | Setting Range | Explanation |
---|---|---|
Voltage
18-25.2V
Current (Nominal)
0.7-1.5A depending on flight conditions
Current (Max)
5A
Focal Length (mm)
24.351
Principle Point X (pixels)
4714.485
Principle Point Y (pixels)
3172.286
R1
-0.017
R2
0.071
R3
0.009
T1
0.001
T2
0
Site
office complex
Workflow
Crosshatch Flight + PPK
Result quality
1 cm/px GSD 2 cm absolute accuracy, measured blind against presurveyed ground control points
Astro output and base data
Processed Data
Shutter Speed
1/4000 to 1/100th
A faster shutter speed reduces motion blur
Aperture
F5 or higher
Higher the aperture makes more parts of the image in focus
ISO, White Balance
Auto
Auto for these usually work well
JPEG Size
Large
More detail = better!
Image Storage
External USB
Images are geotagged when saved to the external USB. This allows images to be associated with specific assets like power line poles
Astro Firmware 1.6 or later
v2.1.0
v2.1.0
v1.7.2
v1.7.2
Astro Firmware 1.5 or older
Not supported
Not supported
v1.6.2
v1.6.2
Site
Freefly test field trailer
Workflow
Structure Scan + PPK
Astro output and base data
Processed Data
It is possible to operate Astro close to the limits of performance by maintaining awareness of the performance envelope, how the aircraft behaves if the limits are exceeded, and best practices for operating in harsh environments.
This page reflects the limitations of the most current version. As the Astro platform matures, limitations are likely to change. For major changes that may affect these limitations, check the .
Visit our to look into additional solutions if you aren't finding what you're looking for on the wiki.
For all flight modes except Manual, at altitudes below 2 meters, the tilt angle is reduced to 12 degrees and vertical speed is reduced to 0.7 m/s.
The purpose is to prevent tip-overs while landing but has the side effect of reducing speed if flying below the takeoff point (e.g. surveying from a high vantage point). We are working to correct this behavior.
If you have 8 SL8 batteries, 6 SL8 chargers, and electricity at the location of your flight, you can continuously charge 6 batteries at a time while flying Astro, allowing for uninterrupted flight for as long as you need. If you are flying without a payload, you will only need 6 batteries and 4 chargers.
In hot conditions, you will likely need an additional 2 batteries, as it may take some time to cool the recently flown batteries to an acceptable charging temperature (50°C).
Operating with a weak signal, whether due to interference or long range, can cause loss of link with the aircraft, which will engage failsafes. If you anticipate a weak signal situation, double-check that failsafes are set appropriately.
The range of Herelink and the Doodle radios on Astro is approximately 2 km in ideal conditions, assuming there are no interferences and the antennas are positioned correctly.
This is one of the simplest to miss and impact the range of the flight
Both the Doodle and Herelink radio modules on Pilot Pro use two blade antennas that are omni directional. It is important to follow these basic guidelines:
Antennas should both point in the same direction.
Antennas should point towards ground or sky
Minimize how much the antennas are getting blocked in close proximity. For instance, if you are using the Pilot Pro with the tablet in the open configuration, then pointing antennas towards ground instead of sky is usually better.
Herelink GCS has two types of antennas.
Patch antenna (with a circular disk on top) is a directional antenna and should be pointed toward the aircraft
Other antenna is omni-directional and it should be positioned pointing towards the ground or sky
Range can be reduced by radio interference from other sources like wifi networks. Obstacles like trees and buildings in close proximity to the controller or Astro, as well as directly between the two, can dramatically reduce range.
Astro's Doodle radio configuration runs on dedicated peer to peer channels. In order to fly multiple Astros in the same airspace, make sure to scan channels and then set each Astro Doodle to a different channel.
Astro's Herelink radios are channel hopping by default. 4 aircraft can fly simultaneously in the same airspace in practice. If more aircraft are present, interference can cause loss of radio link and control.
If using the legacy Herelink GCS, you can set each Herelink to be on a dedicated channel
If using the Pilot Pro with the Herelink radio, this feature is not yet available.
Astro can operate between -20 and 50 C. Position mode and survey flying are normal throughout the range. However, care is needed to operate at low and high temperatures.
Yellow region: Hovering and aggressive flights may give overtemp warnings. Follow the warning instructions.
Blue region: If batteries become too cold, state of charge will decline quickly and aircraft will enter Return or Land mode. Keep batteries warm, above 10 °C at takeoff, then self-heating will keep them warm.
At high temperatures, the limiting factors are motor and battery temperatures. AMC will display a warning if the motors or batteries become too hot. Heed the warnings! Astro operates normally in forward flight up to 15 m/s with a full payload of 1500 grams.
Cooling air is your friend. The motors get much more cooling air in forward flight than in a hover. Overheat errors may occur when hovering because there is less airflow, or when flying aggressively because heating increases with current.
Batteries may require cooling before charging. Bring an extra set of batteries and chargers to enable continuous flying. If you connect batteries to the charger while cooling, they will automatically begin charging as soon as they have cooled sufficiently.
Keep the equipment out of prolonged direct sunlight, especially the Herelink. Herelink will shut down if it overheats, and it does not give a warning.
These failsafes can be overridden by selecting another flight mode (override by moving the sticks is not available during a failsafe). The battery will not cut off power output in the air, however low temperatures generally reduce capacity which will reduce flight time.
If the batteries are 10 °C or warmer at the start of a flight, heating from discharge will keep them warm enough to fly.
To keep batteries warm, charge them in a heated environment and store them in an insulated container (a cooler works well)In rare cases propellers can experience icing, this occurs when ice begins to form on the tips and underside of the blades due to temperature and humidity. This will cause the props to become unbalanced, increasing drag and reducing lift. Flying with iced blades can be dangerous and is not advised.
Keep the Herelink handset out of direct sunlight. It can operate at up to 50C ambient if its plugged in for charging and in the shade. For the best performance in hot or cold weather, we recommend charging the Herelink during use. Under very hot or cold weather Herelink's battery performance can drop quickly and can cause it to shutdown.
Herelink will shut down if the internal temperature increases over 55C, and it does not give a warning. Direct sunlight can increase the temperature of the Herelink beyond this limit very quickly.
Operating Astro at winds greater than 8-10m/s can be dangerous. Keep in mind that the wind speed at higher altitudes is typically much higher. In high wind, AMC will show a warning.
When Astro is not flying, fold the props and install the propeller protectors. If the wind blows through open props, it can cause them to spin up dangerously.
Battery connectors cannot be mated while wet or containing debris. We recommend compressed air to clean the connectors.
Rain in particular increases the risk of electrical malfunction because it can lead to short circuits
Dust carries a risk of mechanical malfunction because it can enter the motors and obstruct rotation.
Both of these conditions carry an increased risk of malfunction and danger. It is difficult to judge the exact amount of precipitation, and the amount can vary without warning during the course of a flight. Therefore, we recommend avoiding situations that endanger people.
If the two batteries powering Astro have a voltage difference of more than 2.0V, a voltage mismatch error will occur. 2V is roughly a 25% difference in the batteries' states of charge.
In a situation where there is a magnetic interference that is preventing the aircraft to figure out its heading before takeoff, you are presented with options:
Move away from any potential sources of magnetic interference, like metal or water. In most cases, moving the Astro a few feet away will allow it to get a better magnetic reading to figure out the heading, and position mode will become available for takeoff.
Take off in altitude mode. Shortly after flying in altitude mode, GPS heading will be locked and you can then switch to position mode.
Be aware that flying in Altitude Mode does introduce additional risk. If the aircraft loses connection with the controller, it will not hold its horizontal position which may result in a crash if control is not re-established quickly.
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Avoid using high-power, low-frequency radio transmitters (such as the RFD 900) mounted to Astro, as it can disrupt the normal function of the aircraft. For more information, see this .
At low temperatures, the battery cell temperature is the key limiting factor. When the cells themselves are below 10 °C (ambient air can be down to -20 °C), the built-in battery management system's (BMS) state of charge (SoC) algorithm has reduced accuracy. The SoC may decrease to zero suddenly. If this happens, (RTL and Land) will be triggered, causing the aircraft to climb or descend suddenly.
Flying Astro is high wind is not advised. If the wind speed is a significant fraction of , control authority will be diminished in all flight modes.
Astro can operate in moderate rain (approximately 3 mm per hour). to help translate between forecasts like "shower" or "drizzle" to accumulation amount.
While Astro can fly in the rain, the Ventus OGI camera requires more stable conditions for leak detection, so we do not recommend flying in any precipitation.
Sensor cooling:
It takes approximately 10 minutes for the camera’s cryocooler to reach a stable operating temperature. During this time, the imager may display a cool-down pattern.
The Astro's operational temperature range is -20C to +50C.